Coiled Steam Generator with Critical Constriction for Dry Superheated Output

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing superheated steam generators face challenges such as pressure safety risks, liquid droplet entrainment leading to wet steam, difficulty in controlling vapor flow at higher pressures, and inefficient heating designs, particularly in small-scale applications like air conditioning and ironing technology.

Innovation Solution

A superheated steam generator design featuring a coiled heating coil with a closed flow channel and critical cross-sectional constriction, cast into a high thermal conductivity material, using electrical heating cartridges and temperature sensors for precise heating, and a pump-controlled system to produce dry superheated steam efficiently across a wide pressure range.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If a large water space boiler is used, then steam generation capacity is improved, but pressure safety risks increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesteam generation capacityVSAvoidpressure safety risks
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The boiler is divided into multiple independent heating zones with separate heating elements (first heating element in vapor space, second heating element at water level), allowing independent control of each zone to prevent uncontrolled pressure build-up while maintaining overall steam generation capacity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The system uses dynamic control of heating elements based on steam demand, with the ability to rapidly adjust or shut down heating in response to pressure fluctuations, enabling safe operation at higher pressures without requiring large water spaces

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Productivity

If a high-speed steam generator is used, then steam generation speed is improved, but liquid droplet entrainment increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesteam generation speedVSAvoidliquid droplet entrainment
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

Different regions of the heating system have specialized functions: the first heating element in the vapor space creates gentle vaporization, while the second heating element at water level provides controlled flash evaporation, and the lowest heating element prevents liquid accumulation, collectively eliminating droplet entrainment while maintaining high steam generation speed

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The vapor space acts as an intermediary zone between the water level and steam outlet, allowing vapor to form and separate from liquid droplets before discharge, while the heating elements positioned at different levels control the phase separation process

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Ease of manufacture

If electrically heated steam generators with cast-in pipe coils are used, then manufacturing simplicity is improved, but control precision at higher pressures deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing simplicityVSAvoidcontrol precision at higher pressures
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The heating system is segmented into multiple independently controllable heating elements positioned at different locations (vapor space, water level, lowest point), allowing precise local control of heat input to match steam demand at higher pressures while maintaining the manufacturing simplicity of cast-in construction

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

4Ease of operation

If liquid is sprayed onto a heated surface, then vapor generation control is improved, but operation at higher pressures deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevapor generation controlVSAvoidoperation at higher pressures
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of spraying liquid onto a heated surface from above, the system heats liquid from below and within the water level, using buoyancy and pressure-driven flow to achieve controlled vaporization at higher pressures, inverting the conventional spray approach to enable high-pressure operation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The design achieves efficient generation of superheated steam with minimal liquid content, rapid start-up and shut-down, and enhanced safety by ensuring no environmental hazard at high pressures, with symmetrical heating and controlled temperature regulation.

Implementation Method 1

liquid is vaporized in a pressure vessel on electrically heated rods

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical heating: Joule Heating

Implementation Method 2

liquid is vaporized in a pressure vessel on electrically heated rods

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVaporization: Evaporation

Implementation Method 3

the heating coil is cast into a body made of a material or an alloy with a high thermal conductivity, preferably aluminum

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 4

entrained liquid droplets in the narrower helices of the inner tube sections are better pressed against the wall by the higher centrifugal forces there and are thus evaporated

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCentrifugal force: Centrifugal Force

Implementation Method 5

Heating elements are provided in the body to heat the heating coil. These heating elements consist of electrical heating cartridges

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical resistance heating: Joule Heating

Data Source

PatentEP2149011B1Hot steam generator, particularly for a thermal spraying machine
Publication Date: 2015.08.26 HERMLE MASCHENBAU
  • EP2149011B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2

AI summary

The invention relates to a hot steam generator, particularly for a thermal spraying machine, for generating hot steam from a fluid, comprising a wound pipe coil (1), on the end of which or in the further course of the steam delivery at least one cross-sectional reduction is located, through which the flow is critical, which is to say with sound velocity.