Coiled Wire Biosensor for Continuous Glucose Monitoring
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current blood glucose monitoring methods, especially for diabetic patients, are not reliable, cost-effective, and user-friendly, particularly for frequent monitoring needs, and there is a need for a more efficient and less invasive method to track glucose levels continuously.
Innovation Solution
A biosensor with a hollow coil and an electronic circuit component, featuring coiled wires as electrodes and a biocompatible layer with glucose oxidase as the bioreceptor, capable of wirelessly transmitting glucose level data, is designed for continuous monitoring, particularly suitable for use under the eyelid to measure glucose in tear fluid.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If chemical test strips are used for blood glucose monitoring, then the method is cost-effective, but it requires a fairly large drop of blood and frequent invasive testing
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical puncture-based blood sampling system with a biochemical detection system that uses glucose oxidase enzyme to detect glucose in interstitial fluid through electrochemical reactions, eliminating the need for frequent fingerstick blood sampling
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces interstitial fluid as an intermediary medium between blood glucose and the sensor detection system, allowing indirect measurement of blood glucose levels through glucose that diffuses from blood capillaries into the interstitial space, thereby reducing direct blood invasion
2Ease of operation
If blood glucose meters are used, then smaller blood drops are needed and pain is reduced, but the cost of testing increases
Solution Approach 1:
The sensor system performs self-powered operation through enzymatic reactions that generate electrical signals automatically when glucose is present, eliminating the need for external power sources during measurement and reducing overall system cost
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the measurement parameter from direct blood glucose concentration to electrochemical signal intensity generated by glucose oxidase activity, allowing cost-effective continuous monitoring through simple electrical measurements rather than expensive analytical methods
3Reliability
If continuous blood glucose monitors are used, then continuous glucose level tracking is achieved, but the device complexity increases with multiple components
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the biosensing function, signal generation, and data transmission capabilities into a single integrated implantable sensor unit, eliminating the need for separate external components and simplifying the overall system while maintaining continuous monitoring reliability
4Ease of operation
If alternate site testing is used, then finger tips are given a break and pain is reduced, but the reliability of glucose measurement may be affected
Solution Approach 1:
The sensor performs preliminary continuous measurement of interstitial glucose levels, allowing detection of glucose trends and patterns before clinical decisions are made, thereby maintaining reliability while enabling comfortable alternate site monitoring
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This biosensor provides a reliable, cost-effective, and user-friendly means for continuous glucose monitoring, reducing the frequency of invasive testing and improving diabetes management by accurately tracking glucose levels and trends, potentially reducing hyperglycemia and glycosylated hemoglobin levels.
Implementation Method 1
the biocompatible layer comprises a bioreceptor
Implementation Method 2
a second coiled wire which may be used as a working electrode
Implementation Method 3
a hollow coil comprising wires coiled in parallel... capable of generating an input signal for a transceiver based upon the activity of the bioreceptor and wirelessly sending the input signal to the transceiver
Data Source
AI summary
A biosensor having a hollow coil having wires coiled in parallel and an electronic circuit component operably connected to the coil, wherein the wires include at least a first coiled wire which may be used as a counter electrode, a second coiled wire which may be used as a working electrode and a third coiled wire which may be used as a reference electrode, wherein the second coiled wire is provided with a biocompatible layer having a bioreceptor, wherein the electronic circuit component is capable of generating an input signal for a transceiver based upon the activity of the bioreceptor and wirelessly sending the input signal to the transceiver, wherein the electronic circuit component is encapsulated in a biocompatible resin.