Cold Off-Site CO2 Heat Exchange for Ammonia Cooling

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing ammonia production processes are energy-intensive due to the need for cooling and long-term storage of carbon dioxide by-products, which requires significant energy input for heating before underground injection.

Innovation Solution

Utilize off-site produced cold carbon dioxide to cool ammonia and heat it for long-term storage, reducing energy demand by using it as a cooling medium in the ammonia production process and for heating before injection into underground storage.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Use of energy by moving object

If cold off-site produced CO2 is used for cooling ammonia, then energy consumption for ammonia production is reduced, but the complexity of the system increases due to need for importing and integrating external CO2

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy consumption for ammonia productionVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The off-site produced CO2 serves multiple functions: it acts as a cooling medium for ammonia production and simultaneously serves as the injection fluid for underground storage. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate cooling systems and heating systems, thereby reducing overall energy consumption while managing system complexity through functional integration.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The external CO2 source acts as an intermediary substance that transfers thermal energy from the ammonia production process to the underground storage system. By introducing this intermediary, the system achieves heat recovery and reduces direct energy consumption for cooling and heating operations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Duration of action of stationary object

If CO2 is used for cooling ammonia and then heated for injection, then long-term storage is achieved, but energy input for heating before injection increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelong-term storage durationVSAvoidenergy input for heating
Core Design Contradiction:
Duration of action of stationary objectVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary cooling of the CO2 using off-site produced cold CO2 before the CO2 is injected into underground storage. This preliminary action reduces the subsequent heating energy requirement by pre-cooling the CO2, thereby reducing the net energy input needed for the storage process while ensuring long-term storage capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The cold off-site produced CO2, which would otherwise be wasted or require heating, is converted into a useful cooling medium for ammonia production. This converts a potentially harmful waste product into a beneficial resource that reduces energy consumption while enabling long-term CO2 storage.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

3Productivity

If off-site CO2 is imported for cooling, then cooling efficiency improves, but transportation and integration requirements increase system complexity

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecooling efficiencyVSAvoidtransportation and integration complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The imported off-site CO2 serves dual purposes: it provides efficient cooling for ammonia production and simultaneously serves as the medium for underground storage injection. This multi-functionality justifies the transportation and integration complexity by delivering multiple benefits from a single external CO2 source.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The system utilizes the temperature parameter of the off-site produced CO2 (lower than ambient temperature) to achieve efficient cooling of ammonia. By changing the temperature parameter of the cooling medium, the system achieves high cooling efficiency that justifies the transportation and integration requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Reduces energy consumption in ammonia production and facilitates efficient long-term carbon dioxide storage by leveraging cold off-site carbon dioxide for cooling and heating, thereby optimizing energy usage and storage efficiency.

Implementation Method 1

the means for cooling the NH3 comprises a heat exchanger having an inlet for the off-site produced carbon dioxide as a cooling medium

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat exchange: Heat Exchanger

Implementation Method 2

The temperature of the cold off-site produced CO2 will thereby increase. In a preferred embodiment the increased temperature of the heated off-site produced CO2 is suitable for injection thereof into an underground storage.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat exchange: Heat Exchanger

Implementation Method 3

importing to the plant from a road vehicle, railway car, or vessel off-site produced CO2 having a temperature T lower than the second lower temperature T2 carried by the road vehicle, railway car, or vessel

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTransport:

Implementation Method 4

injecting the separated CO2 obtained in step C into an underground storage

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectInjection into underground storage:

Data Source

PatentUS20250296844A1Methods and systems for producing ammonia and for long-term depositing of carbon dioxide
Publication Date: 2025.09.25 HORISONT ENERGI AS

AI summary

Methods and systems for producing ammonia and for long-term depositing of carbon dioxide are disclosed, wherein off-site produced cold carbon dioxide received at the plant from a road vehicle, railway car, or vessel is used for cooling locally produced ammonia from a local ammonia production plant, such as a blue ammonia production plant.