Cold Plasma Tumor Cell Microvesicle CAR-T Therapy
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current cancer treatments using cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) face challenges in understanding the exact mechanisms of cancer cell vulnerability and achieving efficient cytotoxicity, particularly in p53-expressing cells and rapidly proliferating cancer cells, with limited clinical application and potential for tissue damage.
Innovation Solution
The method involves isolating patient cancerous tumor cells, treating them with cold atmospheric plasma to induce apoptosis, collecting apoptotic cell-derived microvesicles, and applying these microvesicles to T cell or dendritic cell cultures to isolate antigen-specific T cells, which can then be stored for systemic cancer treatment, potentially enhancing CAR-T therapy efficacy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If cold atmospheric plasma is used to treat cancer cells, then selective cell death is achieved, but the mechanism of action is not fully understood and tissue damage may occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses dendritic cells as intermediaries to present tumor antigens to T cells. The dendritic cells process and present antigens from tumor cells that have been treated with cold atmospheric plasma, creating an indirect immune response mechanism that avoids direct plasma contact with healthy tissues while still achieving selective cancer cell elimination through immune-mediated destruction
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the direct mechanical/thermal plasma action with a biological immune system-mediated approach. Instead of relying on plasma's direct cytotoxic effects which can cause tissue damage, the system uses plasma-treated tumor cells to stimulate dendritic cells, which then activate T cells to selectively destroy cancer cells through immunological recognition, substituting physical plasma action with a targeted biological response
2Productivity
If conventional cancer treatments are used, then tumor cells are eliminated, but healthy tissue is also damaged
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies cold atmospheric plasma treatment locally to tumor cells in culture, creating localized modifications to tumor cell surfaces and antigens. This local treatment approach ensures that only the tumor cells exposed to plasma are modified, while healthy cells remain unaffected. The subsequent immune response is also localized to tumor antigens, preserving healthy tissue through selective antigen presentation and T cell activation against tumor-specific markers
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the physical and chemical parameters of tumor cells through cold atmospheric plasma treatment, modifying surface antigens and proteins. These parameter changes make tumor cells more immunogenic without affecting healthy cells. The plasma treatment alters tumor cell properties such as membrane permeability, antigen expression, and protein conformation, creating a state that triggers selective immune recognition and destruction of only the treated tumor cells
3Reliability
If CAR-T therapy is used, then targeted cancer cell destruction is achieved, but treatment complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent enables the immune system to serve itself by using dendritic cells to naturally process and present tumor antigens to T cells. The system leverages the body's existing immune mechanisms—dendritic cell antigen presentation, T cell activation, and clonal expansion—without requiring complex external intervention. The cold atmospheric plasma treatment simply prepares tumor cells to be better antigens, and the immune system handles the rest through its natural self-service capabilities, reducing treatment complexity compared to engineered CAR-T approaches
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances the immune response against cancer cells by using apoptotic microvesicles as antigen presentation units, potentially reducing treatment dosages and improving CAR-T therapy effectiveness while minimizing tissue damage.
Implementation Method 1
treating cultured patient cancerous tumor primary cells non cold atmospheric plasma, after apoptosis of cultured patient cancerous tumor primary cells occurs
Implementation Method 2
after apoptosis of cultured patient cancerous tumor primary cells occurs
Implementation Method 3
collecting apoptotic cell-derived extracellular microvesicles from the culture media by differential centrifugation
Implementation Method 4
applying these microvesicles to T cell or dendritic cell cultures to isolate antigen-specific T cells
Data Source
AI summary
A method for producing microvesicles ex vivo for use in systemic treatment of cancer. The method comprises isolating patient cancerous tumor primary cells, culturing isolated patient cancerous tumor primary cells in appropriate culture media, treating cultured patient cancerous tumor primary cells non cold atmospheric plasma, after apoptosis of cultured patient cancerous tumor primary cells occurs, collecting apoptotic cell-derived extracellular microvesicles from the culture media by differential centrifugation, directly applying apoptotic cell-derived extracellular microvesicles to one of a naïve T cell culture or a dendritic cell culture, isolating antigen specific T cells from said one of a T cell culture and a dendritic cell culture, and storing said isolated antigen specific T cells.