Color-Stable Amine Electron Donors for Dental Restoratives
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Solution Overview
Problem
Dental composite restoratives using traditional amine electron donors like EDMAB suffer from color instability due to photo oxidation processes, requiring UV stabilizers that can reduce fluorescence and affect aesthetics.
Innovation Solution
A color-stable amine electron donor with a specific chemical formula is used in the photoinitiator system, eliminating the need for UV stabilizers and maintaining natural tooth fluorescence, comprising a polymerizable component, a photoinitiator system with a visible light sensitizer, and optional fillers like silane-treated nanofillers.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If traditional amine electron donors like EDMAB are used in photoinitiator systems, then good curing properties are achieved, but color stability deteriorates due to photo oxidation processes
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the chemical structure of the amine electron donor by introducing specific substituents (such as methyl groups at positions 2 and 6 of the phenyl ring, and ester or nitrile groups at the para position) to create a derivative with enhanced color stability while maintaining curing efficacy. This structural parameter change prevents photo-oxidation discoloration without sacrificing the electron donor's ability to initiate polymerization.
2Stability of the object's composition
If UV stabilizers are added to prevent color formation, then color stability is improved, but fluorescence is reduced affecting aesthetics
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and eliminates the need for UV stabilizers by incorporating color stability directly into the amine electron donor structure. The modified amine derivative inherently resists photo-oxidation discoloration, allowing the formulation to achieve both color stability and maintain natural tooth fluorescence without requiring separate UV stabilizing agents.
3Stability of the object's composition
If EDMAB is used as electron donor, then adequate color stability is achieved with UV stabilizers, but fluorescence and aesthetic quality deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a multi-functional amine electron donor that simultaneously provides curing initiation, color stability, and fluorescence preservation. The modified amine derivative performs multiple functions that were previously achieved through separate components (EDMAB for curing and UV stabilizers for color protection), while also maintaining aesthetic quality by preserving natural tooth fluorescence.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution provides superior color stability and enhanced fluorescence, mimicking natural tooth appearance, reducing the need for UV stabilizers and improving aesthetic quality in dental restoratives.
Implementation Method 1
Light curing typically involves a photoinitiator system that produces free radicals upon exposure to light (400-1000 nm)
Implementation Method 2
a photoinitiator system comprising a color stable amine electron donor that is activated upon exposure to visible light
Implementation Method 3
Many amine electron donors, such as EDMAB, that are used in dental photo initiator systems are susceptible to color formation as a result of photo oxidation processes that occur after curing of the restorative
Data Source
AI summary
The invention features a lardenable dental composition, e.g., polymerizabie dental restoratives, adhesives, etc., that contain a color-stable amine electron donor in an initiation system for initiating polymerization of the composition.