Multistage Column Fluid Distributor with Jet Breaker
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing multistage column distribution systems face challenges in achieving plug flow with minimal axial dispersion and preventing furrow formation on the surface of granular beds, which can lead to hydrodynamic perturbations and reduced process performance.
Innovation Solution
A distribution device comprising a solid jet breaker, an intermediate perforated plate, and a distribution plate, strategically positioned to reduce fluid velocities and optimize fluid distribution across the granular bed, minimizing furrow formation and enhancing plug flow characteristics.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If a conventional distribution system is used, then fluid distribution is provided, but axial dispersion increases and plug flow is not achieved
Solution Approach 1:
The distribution system is segmented into multiple functional components: a distribution plate with multiple outlets, a jet breaker plate with breaking elements positioned below each outlet, and a collection plate. This segmentation allows the fluid jet to be broken into smaller streams, reducing axial dispersion and improving flow distribution uniformity across the granular bed.
Solution Approach 2:
The jet breaker plate acts as an intermediary element between the distribution plate and the granular bed. It receives the fluid jet from the distribution plate and breaks it into smaller streams before the fluid enters the granular bed, thereby reducing axial dispersion while maintaining effective fluid distribution.
2Productivity
If high velocity fluid jet is used for distribution, then fluid distribution efficiency is improved, but furrow formation occurs on the granular bed surface
Solution Approach 1:
The jet breaker elements are positioned to intercept the fluid jet before it directly impacts the granular bed surface. By breaking the jet into smaller streams and dissipating its momentum in advance, the system prevents the formation of furrows on the granular bed surface while maintaining distribution efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The jet breaker plate serves as an intermediary that modifies the fluid jet characteristics before it reaches the granular bed. It reduces the jet velocity and breaks it into smaller streams, preventing direct high-velocity impact that causes furrow formation while preserving the overall distribution efficiency.
3Device complexity
If simple distribution plate is used, then device complexity is reduced, but flow quality and plug flow approximation are compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The distributor is segmented into three main plates (distribution plate, jet breaker plate, and collection plate) with multiple functional elements. This segmentation enables the system to achieve plug flow approximation and high flow quality by controlling fluid distribution at multiple stages, while the modular structure keeps the overall device complexity manageable.
4Object-generated harmful factors
If jet breaker is positioned close to distribution plate outlet, then axial dispersion is reduced, but device complexity and manufacturing precision requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses a dedicated jet breaker plate positioned at a specific distance below the distribution plate, creating a segmented structure that reduces axial dispersion. The modular plate design allows for standardized manufacturing and assembly, managing positioning precision requirements while achieving the desired flow distribution.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively minimizes axial dispersion and eliminates furrow formation, improving the flow quality and performance of processes like simulated moving bed adsorption by ensuring a more uniform fluid distribution and reduced pressure drop across the granular bed.
Implementation Method 1
a solid jet breaker below the outlet from the collecting baffle, at a distance therefrom in the range 7 to 25 mm
Implementation Method 2
The present invention concerns the distribution device which can supply each granular bed or at least a part thereof from a fluid which is in the form of a jet coming from the system for mixing the principal fluid and the secondary fluids
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention concerns a fluid distributor in a multistage column, each plate P of the column being divided into a certain number of panels Pa, and each panel Pa being equipped with a distributor of the invention, said distributor comprising:a) a solid jet breaker located substantially in the axis of the outlet opening of the collecting baffle of the panel Pa;b) an intermediate perforated plate extending laterally beyond the jet breaker, with a degree of opening in the range 10% to 40%;c) a distribution plate extending over the entire panel Pa, and with a degree of opening in the range 5% to 20%.