Combustion Head Flame Stabilization via Exhaust Gas Recirculation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing combustion heads for residential burners face challenges in maintaining stable flame geometry and thermal efficiency while controlling CO and NOx emissions within regulatory limits.
Innovation Solution
The combustion head design features a cylindrical fire tube with slot-shaped holes, a flame disc, a conical diffuser with dual conical inclination, and a nozzle holder for fuel atomization, incorporating recirculation of exhaust gases to stabilize the flame and optimize thermal performance and emissions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Stability of the object's composition
If conventional combustion head designs are used, then thermal efficiency can be maintained, but flame geometry stability deteriorates and emissions control becomes difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The combustion head is divided into functionally distinct segments: a flame disc with central opening for primary combustion, a fire tube with slot-shaped holes for secondary air introduction, and a conical diffuser for flow control. This segmentation allows independent optimization of each zone to stabilize flame geometry while controlling emissions through staged combustion.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the combustion head are given different geometric properties tailored to their specific functions: the flame disc provides a restricted central opening for controlled primary combustion, the fire tube features slot-shaped holes for secondary air mixing, and the conical diffuser creates specific flow patterns. This local differentiation enables simultaneous achievement of flame stability and emission control.
2Power
If combustion parameters are optimized for thermal efficiency, then energy output increases, but CO and NOx emissions exceed regulatory limits
Solution Approach 1:
The combustion process is staged with preliminary combustion occurring at the flame disc followed by secondary combustion in the fire tube. This preliminary action allows controlled oxidation of fuel in the first stage, then further oxidation in the second stage, ensuring complete combustion for high thermal efficiency while maintaining emission levels below regulatory limits through progressive fuel-air mixing.
Solution Approach 2:
The combustion head utilizes parameter changes through its geometric design: the flame disc central opening controls initial fuel-air ratio, the slot-shaped holes in the fire tube introduce secondary air to modify combustion parameters, and the conical diffuser adjusts flow velocity and mixing intensity. These parameter variations enable optimization of thermal efficiency while controlling emissions.
3Ease of manufacture
If the combustion head structure is simplified, then manufacturing cost decreases, but flame stability and emission control performance deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The combustion head is constructed as an assembly of separate components (flame disc, fire tube, conical diffuser) that can be manufactured independently using standard fabrication processes, then assembled together. This segmentation maintains manufacturing simplicity while enabling the complex internal geometry needed for reliable flame stability and emission control.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design achieves significant reduction in NOx emissions and ensures effective cleaning of the diffuser surfaces, maintaining stable flame geometry and thermal efficiency while adhering to emission regulations.
Implementation Method 1
a nozzle holder 40, of a cylindrical shape and with axis (X), to the free end of which a nozzle 41 is fixed suitable to atomize the liquid fuel
Implementation Method 2
incorporating recirculation of exhaust gases to stabilize the flame and optimize thermal performance and emissions
Implementation Method 3
combustion head for liquid fuel... with the aim of maintaining the CO and NOx emissions within the limits of current regulations
Data Source
Figure 1~3
Figure 2
Figure 4~8
AI summary
A combustion head (100) characterized in that it comprises the following elements: - a fire tube (10) with a substantially cylindrical shape and having a central symmetry axis (X) and holes (11) for the recirculation of the combustion products; - a flame disc (20), which is arranged perpendicularly to the central symmetry axis (X); - a conical diffuser (30) with a double conical inclination; - a nozzle (41), which is designed to atomize liquid fuel; and - a pair of electrodes (50) for lighting the flame.