Gas Turbine Combustor Fixture Cooling Through Fastener-Spacer Grooves
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Solution Overview
Problem
The fixture attached to the liner in a gas turbine combustor is exposed to high temperatures, leading to potential thermal degradation.
Innovation Solution
A configuration that includes a fastener with air passages and a spacer with grooves to channel cooling air through the fixture, reducing its temperature by circulating air from the outside space to the combustion chamber.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the fixture is exposed to the combustion chamber, then the liner can be attached to the outside wall, but the fixture temperature increases causing thermal degradation
Solution Approach 1:
Cooling air is introduced as an intermediary substance to transfer heat away from the fixture. The air flows through channels in the fastener and spacer, absorbing thermal energy from the fixture and preventing direct thermal exposure to the combustion chamber environment.
Solution Approach 2:
A pneumatic cooling system is implemented using compressed air flow. Air passages are formed in the fastener and spacer components, allowing pressurized air to circulate through the fixture assembly and provide active cooling to maintain fixture temperature within acceptable limits.
2Temperature
If cooling air passages are added to the fastener and spacer, then fixture temperature is reduced, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The fastener and spacer components are designed to serve multiple functions: mechanical fastening/spacing plus thermal management. The cooling air passages are integrated into the existing structural components, allowing them to simultaneously perform their original mechanical functions while providing active cooling to the fixture.
Solution Approach 2:
The cooling function is merged with the existing fastener and spacer structures. Rather than adding separate cooling components, the air passages are incorporated into the fastener and spacer themselves, combining the mechanical support function with the thermal management function in a single integrated design.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The fixture temperature is effectively managed, preventing thermal degradation and ensuring the durability of the attachment mechanism.
Implementation Method 1
a first air passage being located at the fastener groove, a second air passage through which air having flowed through the first air passage flows being located at the spacer groove
Data Source
Figure 1~2
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Figure 5~6
AI summary
A combustor of a gas turbine according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes: an outside wall surrounding a combustion chamber; a liner located inside the outside wall and facing the combustion chamber; a spacer at least part of which is located between the outside wall and the liner; a fastener at least part of which is located outside the outside wall; and a fixture by which the liner is attached to the outside wall and which includes a head supporting the liner and a shaft portion penetrating the outside wall and fastened to the fastener. The fastener includes a fastener groove extending along the fixture, a first air passage being located at the fastener groove. The spacer includes a spacer groove extending along the fixture, a second air passage through which air having flowed through the first air passage flows being located at the spacer groove.