Combustor Protrusion and Secondary Nozzle for MILD Combustion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing combustors fail to enhance combustion performance and achieve low emission combustion due to insufficient gas recirculation and lack of interaction between primary and secondary combustion zones.
Innovation Solution
A combustor design featuring a cylindrical combustion tube with protrusions and additional injection units that inject fuel and air, creating a first and second combustion zone for enhanced recirculation, where the additional injection unit on the protrusion increases gas recirculation flow and collision, facilitating MILD combustion.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If fuel is injected only in the primary combustion zone, then the combustion structure is simple, but combustion performance is not improved and there is no interaction between combustion zones
Solution Approach 1:
The combustor is divided into a primary combustion zone with a primary nozzle and a secondary combustion zone with a secondary nozzle. This segmentation allows independent fuel injection control in each zone, enabling improved combustion performance through secondary combustion assistance while maintaining structural clarity and manageability
Solution Approach 2:
The secondary nozzle is positioned at an angle of 45-60 degrees relative to the central axis of the primary nozzle, introducing a spatial dimension to the fuel injection system. This angular arrangement creates optimal interaction between primary and secondary combustion zones, enhancing combustion performance through three-dimensional fuel-air mixing while maintaining a relatively simple overall structure
2Productivity
If the secondary nozzle is located on the central axis extension of the primary nozzle, then the structure is simple, but the recirculation effect of fuel and air is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The secondary nozzle is positioned asymmetrically at a 45-60 degree angle relative to the primary nozzle's central axis, rather than symmetrically on the axis extension. This asymmetric positioning creates effective recirculation flows that enhance fuel-air mixing and combustion efficiency while adding minimal structural complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The angled positioning of the secondary nozzle creates curved recirculation flow paths for fuel and air, enhancing the mixing and recirculation effects compared to straight axial injection. This curved flow pattern improves combustion efficiency without requiring complex curved nozzle structures
3Power
If high temperature combustion is used, then power generation efficiency is high, but nitrogen oxide and carbon monoxide emissions increase
Solution Approach 1:
Fuel is pre-injected into the secondary combustion zone before the main combustion event. This preliminary fuel placement, combined with the angled nozzle positioning, creates optimal conditions for complete combustion that reduces harmful emissions while maintaining power generation efficiency
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the spatial parameters of fuel injection by positioning the secondary nozzle at a 45-60 degree angle, which alters the combustion characteristics to achieve lower emissions. This parameter change optimizes the fuel-air mixing ratio and combustion temperature distribution, reducing nitrogen oxide and carbon monoxide formation while maintaining efficient power generation
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The enhanced gas recirculation flow leads to flameless combustion, significantly reducing emissions by improving combustion efficiency and recirculation within the combustor.
Implementation Method 1
increasing a gas recirculation flow
Implementation Method 2
moderate or intense low-oxygen dilution (MILD) combustion
Data Source
AI summary
A combustor includes a combustion tube having a cylindrical shape with a combustion space where fuel is combusted and including an inlet through which the fuel is introduced, an outlet through which a gas generated when the fuel is combusted is discharged, and a protrusion protruding inward from a wall surface between the inlet and the outlet; an injection unit configured to inject fuel into the combustion tube through the inlet of the combustion tube; and an additional injection unit located on the protrusion of the combustion tube and configured to inject fuel into the combustion tube.