Gas Turbine Combustor Turn Guide Air Flow Deviation
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Solution Overview
Problem
In gas turbine combustors employing uniform dispersion combustion, deviations in air flow rates between air holes lead to increased NOx emissions and efficiency losses due to variations in the positional relationship between the inner cylinder and the turn guide, which are affected by machining and assembly accuracy.
Innovation Solution
A gas turbine combustor design featuring an inner cylinder with a turn guide protruding from its outer peripheral surface, smoothly connected to the outer cylinder, helps to stabilize the air flow rate by actively guiding compressed air and reducing flow deviations through an interference surface and guide surface, thereby minimizing the impact of positional variations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a turn guide is provided on the air hole plate to encourage air inflow into outer peripheral air holes, then air flow rate deviation is suppressed, but positional relationship variation between the turn guide and inner cylinder increases due to machining and assembly accuracy issues
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a turn guide as an intermediary component that mediates between the outer peripheral flow path and the air holes. The turn guide is specifically positioned at the end of the inner cylinder where the outer peripheral flow path terminates, acting as a flow direction controller that smoothly guides compressed air into the air holes while compensating for positional variations
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies the flow path geometry by adding a turn guide with specific curvature radius (R1) that is 0.05 to 0.15 times the distance (L) from the outer peripheral flow path end to the air hole center. This parameter optimization ensures smooth air flow transition and reduces the impact of positional relationship variations on air flow distribution
2Object-generated harmful factors
If uniform dispersion combustion is adopted with folded back air flow path, then NOx emissions are reduced, but air flow rate deviation between air holes increases leading to local high temperature regions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality modification by providing different structural features at different locations: the turn guide is specifically positioned at the end of the inner cylinder to address the air flow distribution issue at the outer peripheral region, while maintaining the uniform dispersion combustion structure throughout the combustion chamber to suppress NOx emissions
3Reliability
If air flow rate into outer peripheral air holes is increased to suppress deviation, then air flow uniformity improves, but pressure loss increases and efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs curved surface geometry in the turn guide with a specifically optimized curvature radius (R1 = 0.05 to 0.15 × L). This curved transition path allows smooth air flow direction change from the outer peripheral flow path into the air holes, reducing flow separation and pressure loss while achieving uniform air distribution
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design effectively suppresses air flow rate deviations and NOx emissions by ensuring consistent air-fuel mixing and reducing pressure loss, enhancing the overall efficiency and stability of the gas turbine combustor.
Implementation Method 1
a turn guide provided at an end on an end cover side of the inner cylinder, protruding from an outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder toward the outer cylinder and smoothly connected to an inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder
Data Source
AI summary
A gas turbine combustor that mixes fuel with compressed air guided from a compressor to burn the fuel mixed with the compressed air to generate a combustion gas and supplies the generated combustion gas to a turbine is provided with: an inner cylinder forming a combustion chamber thereinside; an outer cylinder that covers the inner cylinder and forms, between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, a cylindrical outer peripheral flow path through which the compressed air flows; an end cover closing the end of the outer cylinder on an opposite side from a side the turbine is located; and a turn guide provided at the end on the end cover side of the inner cylinder, protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder toward the outer cylinder and smoothly connected to the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder.