Commercial Video Frame Dropping for Broadcast Timing Compliance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing video transmission standards require commercials to include moments of blank/black video and silent audio to facilitate smooth channel tuning, but many advertisements do not comply with these standards, making it difficult to fit within the allotted time in a commercial break.
Innovation Solution
A method for managing video content by selectively dropping frames based on scene change values, using Discrete Cosine Transform coefficients to identify frames for removal, ensuring minimal disruption and allowing for the insertion of silent audio and black video at the beginning and end of commercials.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If moments of blank/black video and silent audio are added to the beginning and end of commercials to comply with video transmission standards, then the commercials can be properly tuned by viewers, but the commercial duration is extended making it difficult to fit within the allotted time
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes specific frames from the commercial video stream to reduce its duration. By identifying and dropping frames that are least critical to the overall visual content, the system shortens the commercial while preserving the essential messaging and visual elements.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the temporal parameters of the commercial by selectively removing frames at specific intervals. This frame removal technique adjusts the duration parameter of the video content, allowing the commercial to fit within the allotted time while maintaining compliance with transmission standards through the addition of black video and silent audio bookends.
2Duration of action of moving object
If frames are removed from the commercial to reduce duration, then the commercial can fit within the allotted time, but visual disruption may occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies partial action by removing only a specific subset of frames rather than removing all frames or making arbitrary removals. The system calculates the minimum number of frames that must be removed to achieve the required duration reduction while selecting frames whose removal causes the least visual disruption to the commercial content.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the potential harm of frame removal (visual disruption) into a benefit by strategically selecting which frames to remove. By analyzing the video content and identifying frames that are least critical to the overall narrative or visual flow, the system transforms what could be harmful visual disruption into a controlled adjustment that maintains commercial effectiveness.
Data Source
AI summary
The disclosure relates to a method of processing a sequence of image frames to reduce its length. One implementation may involve extracting coefficients (e.g., Discrete Cosine Transform coefficients) from components of individual frames, and comparing the resulting coefficients for sequential frames to identify frames having the least change from a prior frame. Also, scene change values for each frame may be calculated and placed in a sorted list to facilitate identification of frames for removal. Frame removal may be conducted in rounds, where a group of pictures (GOP) may only have one frame removed for any given round.