Common Aperture Antenna Layout for Dual-Band Radiation Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
In dual-band or multi-band array antennas, the low frequency antenna often blocks the high frequency antenna due to size and height differences, causing distortion in the radiation pattern and narrowing of the working bandwidth.
Innovation Solution
A common aperture antenna design where the high frequency antenna unit is positioned farther from the reflection panel than the low frequency antenna unit, with a frequency selective panel between them, providing total reflection for high frequency signals and partial reflection for low frequency signals to enhance radiation performance and miniaturize the antenna.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of moving object
If the low frequency antenna is placed closer to the reflection panel to reduce overall antenna size, then the antenna compactness is improved, but the high frequency antenna radiation pattern is distorted due to blocking by the low frequency antenna
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a frequency selective panel that selectively reflects high frequency signals while allowing low frequency signals to pass through. This creates a virtual reflection surface for high frequency antennas at different positions, effectively solving the blocking problem by operating in the frequency domain rather than spatial domain alone
Solution Approach 2:
The frequency selective panel acts as an intermediary between the low frequency and high frequency antennas. It mediates the electromagnetic field interaction by providing frequency-dependent reflection characteristics, allowing the low frequency antenna to be positioned close to the reflection panel without disturbing the high frequency radiation pattern
2Ease of manufacture
If the high frequency antenna is placed farther from the reflection panel to avoid blocking, then the radiation pattern quality is improved, but the antenna overall size increases
Solution Approach 1:
The frequency selective panel enables the high frequency antenna to operate as if it were farther from the reflection panel by providing frequency-selective reflection. The panel creates a virtual image effect for high frequency signals, allowing compact physical placement while maintaining optimal radiation characteristics
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the reflection characteristics of the panel by introducing frequency selectivity. The frequency selective panel has different reflection coefficients for different frequency bands, allowing it to reflect high frequency signals while being transparent to low frequency signals, thus resolving the spatial conflict between antenna elements
3Volume of moving object
If antenna units of different frequency bands are arranged closely to reduce size, then the antenna compactness is improved, but mutual blocking occurs causing radiation pattern distortion
Solution Approach 1:
The frequency selective panel provides locally differentiated electromagnetic properties at different frequency bands. It creates frequency-specific reflection zones that allow close spacing of antenna elements while maintaining distinct radiation patterns for each frequency band, ensuring reliable operation despite compact arrangement
Solution Approach 2:
By introducing frequency as an additional dimension for spatial separation, the patent allows multiple antenna units to coexist in close proximity without mutual interference. The frequency selective panel enables spectral separation that compensates for the reduced physical separation between antenna elements
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration prevents distortion of the high frequency antenna's radiation pattern, expands its working bandwidth, and reduces the overall size of the antenna by optimizing the placement and reflection characteristics of the frequency selective panel.
Implementation Method 1
the frequency selective panel is a reflection ground of the high frequency antenna unit and has a total reflection characteristic for a working frequency of the high frequency antenna unit
Implementation Method 2
the frequency selective panel has a partial reflection characteristic for a low frequency signal
Data Source
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AI summary
Embodiments of this application disclose a common aperture antenna and a communication device. The common aperture antenna includes: a reflection panel and a low frequency antenna unit, a frequency selective panel, and a high frequency antenna unit that are disposed on a same side as the reflection panel and that are arranged in sequence. In a direction perpendicular to the reflection panel, a distance between the high frequency antenna unit and the reflection panel is greater than a distance between the low frequency antenna unit and the reflection panel, the frequency selective panel is disposed between the high frequency antenna unit and the low frequency antenna unit, and the frequency selective panel is a reflection ground of the high frequency antenna unit and has a total reflection characteristic for a working frequency of the high frequency antenna unit. In the common aperture antenna in the embodiments of this application, the high frequency antenna unit is designed on a side of the low frequency antenna unit far away from the reflection panel, and the frequency selective panel is disposed between the high frequency antenna unit and the low frequency antenna unit, to miniaturize the antenna and improve radiation performance of each frequency band.