Active Common-Mode Damping in Multi-Phase Power Converters

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Solution Overview

Problem

Power converters with virtual ground connections face challenges in damping common-mode resonance, which leads to additional losses and performance degradation due to low natural damping in high-performance filters, and existing damping methods either increase system cost or fail under non-ideal conditions.

Innovation Solution

A method that determines the common-mode current's resonance frequency component using a band-pass filter and injects a delayed feedback signal into the common-mode voltage reference to actively dampen the resonance without additional circuitry or sensors, relying solely on output filter parameters, thus maintaining efficiency across varying AC frequencies.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of energy

If high-performance low-loss LCL filter is used, then filter performance is improved, but common-mode resonance is intensified due to low natural damping

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefilter lossVSAvoidcommon-mode resonance stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements active common-mode damping by injecting a feedback signal into the common-mode voltage reference. The feedback signal is generated by filtering the common-mode current through a band-pass filter tuned to the resonance frequency, creating a control loop that actively counteracts the resonance without requiring additional passive damping components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the electrical parameters (voltage and current) at the resonance frequency through active control. By dynamically adjusting the common-mode voltage reference based on the detected resonance conditions, the system modifies the operating parameters to suppress resonance while maintaining the high-performance filter characteristics.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If passive damping with resistive components is used, then common-mode resonance is mitigated, but system cost increases and performance decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecommon-mode resonance stabilityVSAvoidauxiliary circuitry
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent enables the power converter to dampen its own common-mode resonance using its existing control infrastructure. The resonance damping function is integrated into the existing common-mode control loop, allowing the system to self-regulate without external auxiliary damping circuits or additional passive components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The patent makes the existing common-mode control circuitry perform dual functions: maintaining common-mode voltage regulation and actively damping resonance. The same control loop and processing units that manage common-mode voltage also generate the damping feedback signal, eliminating the need for separate damping circuitry.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Reliability

If active damping with additional sensors is used, then common-mode resonance is mitigated, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecommon-mode resonance stabilityVSAvoidsensor requirements
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent enables the power converter to dampen its own common-mode resonance using its existing control infrastructure. The feedback signal is generated from the common-mode current that is already present in the system, eliminating the need for additional sensors or measurement devices.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements active common-mode damping by injecting a feedback signal into the common-mode voltage reference. The feedback signal is generated by filtering the common-mode current through a band-pass filter tuned to the resonance frequency, creating a control loop that actively counteracts the resonance without requiring additional passive damping components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Effectively attenuates resonance near the resonance frequency without increasing common-mode current components above the resonance frequency, ensuring stable operation without additional circuitry or measurements, and is adaptable to varying AC frequencies.

Implementation Method 1

A frequency component of the common-mode current at the resonance frequency of the virtual ground resonant circuit is determined by using a band-pass filter, for example

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectBand-pass filtering: Filter (electronic)

Implementation Method 2

The determined resonance frequency component may then be used to form a feedback signal, for example by injecting the determined resonance frequency component into a common-mode voltage reference

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFeedback control: Feedback

Implementation Method 3

A stable feedback loop may be formed by delaying the determined frequency component such that its phase shift is essentially 360° with respect to the actual common-mode current

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhase delay:

Implementation Method 4

The virtual ground connection may be used for limiting high frequency fluctuation of the inverter DC bus with respect to a ground potential

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVirtual ground stabilization:

Implementation Method 5

a strong resonance may arise via a common-mode LC circuit as the natural damping of the circuit (i.e. losses at a resonance frequency) may be very low

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical resonance: Resonance

Data Source

PatentEP3035511B1Method for damping resonant component of common-mode current of multi-phase power converter
Publication Date: 2018.08.22 ABB (SCHWEIZ) AG
  • EP3035511B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3035511B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3035511B1 patent drawing

AI summary

The present disclosure describes a method and arrangement for damping a resonant component of a common-mode current of a multi-phase power converter comprising an output filter with a virtual ground connection to the power converter. In the method and arrangement, the common-mode current is determined, a feedback signal is formed on the basis of the common-mode current, and the feedback signal is injected into a common mode current reference in order to dampen the resonance frequency component. A delay is added to the feedback signal so that the feedback signal has a sufficient phase margin with respect to a subsequent cycle of the resonance frequency component of the common-mode current.