Compensating Coils for Magnetic Relaxometry Noise Suppression
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Solution Overview
Problem
Magnetic relaxometry measurements of superparamagnetic nanoparticles are affected by environmental noise, particularly eddy currents induced by pulsed magnetic fields, which interfere with the detection process and reduce measurement sensitivity.
Innovation Solution
The use of compensating coils, such as z-axis, x-axis, and y-axis coils, to generate counteracting magnetic fields that suppress eddy currents in the surrounding environment, thereby minimizing the transient magnetic signals detected during measurements.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If pulsed magnetic fields are applied to magnetize superparamagnetic nanoparticles, then magnetic relaxometry measurements can be performed, but eddy currents are induced in the surrounding environment which interfere with detection and reduce measurement sensitivity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary anti-action by using compensating coils to generate counteracting magnetic fields before and during the application of pulsed magnetic fields. These compensating fields preemptively counterbalance the eddy currents induced in the environment, preventing them from interfering with the detection of nanoparticle magnetization. The compensating coils are activated in synchronization with the magnetizing pulses to neutralize harmful environmental responses before they can degrade measurement sensitivity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces compensating coils as an intermediary element between the magnetizing system and the environment. These coils act as a mediator that generates opposing magnetic fields to cancel out eddy currents induced in surrounding conductive structures. By placing the compensating coils in the measurement environment and controlling them with appropriate pulse sequences, the system isolates the detection process from harmful environmental effects without requiring physical shielding.
2Measurement precision
If magnetic and RF shielding rooms are used to suppress environmental noise, then measurement sensitivity improves, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces mechanical shielding structures (magnetic and RF shielded rooms) with an active electromagnetic compensation system. Instead of using heavy magnetic shielding materials and RF enclosure structures, the invention employs compensating coils that generate counteracting magnetic fields to cancel eddy currents. This substitution of mechanical/passive shielding with active electromagnetic control reduces device complexity, eliminates the need for shielded rooms, and makes the system more adaptable and cost-effective while maintaining measurement sensitivity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach significantly improves the sensitivity of magnetic relaxometry measurements by reducing background noise, allowing for a lower detection limit of superparamagnetic nanoparticles, potentially by a factor of four.
Implementation Method 1
a magnetizing system configured to supply a pulsed magnetic fields to a sample
Implementation Method 2
a sensor system configured to detect magnetic fields produced by induced magnetization of the sample after a magnetic field pulse
Implementation Method 3
one or more compensating coils configured to suppress generation of eddy currents in an environment surrounding the apparatus due to the pulsed magnetic fields
Implementation Method 4
the one or more compensating coils are configured to provide a compensating pulse sequence comprising a third magnitude for a third time, and of a fourth magnitude for a fourth time
Data Source
AI summary
Example embodiments of the present invention provide a magnetic relaxometry measurement apparatus, comprising: a magnetizing system configured to supply a pulsed magnetic fields to a sample; a sensor system configured to detect magnetic fields produced by induced magnetization of the sample after a magnetic field pulse from the magnetizing system; one or more compensating coils configured to suppress generation of eddy currents in an environment surrounding the apparatus due to the pulsed magnetic fields.