Complement Biomarkers for Renal Cell Carcinoma Prognosis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current therapies for renal cell carcinoma lack effective biomarkers for prognosis and treatment, with the complement system's role in tumor growth and immunity not fully understood, leading to limited clinical advancements and inefficient treatment responses.
Innovation Solution
Measuring the expression levels of specific complement genes and proteins, such as C1QA, C1QB, C3, C5, and C5aR1, to determine prognosis and guide treatment decisions, including the use of complement inhibitors to reduce tumor growth and vascular density.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If complement-based anticancer therapies are developed, then tumor growth can be reduced through complement inhibition, but lack of understanding of therapeutic targets and patient selection criteria prevents clinical advancement
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the complement system into specific targetable components (C1s, C1r, C1q, C5aR1) and identifies distinct biomarker profiles for different patient subgroups. This segmentation allows for precise therapeutic targeting rather than attempting to modulate the entire complement system, resolving the complexity of target identification while improving prognosis predictability through specific biomarker measurement
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the parameter of measurement from general complement activity to specific biomarker expression levels (C1s, C1r, C1q, C5aR1). This parameter change enables quantitative assessment of complement system involvement in individual patients, providing reliable prognosis prediction and guiding therapeutic decisions without requiring complex therapeutic target identification
2Productivity
If complement system modulation is used to treat renal cell carcinoma, then tumor growth and vascular density can be reduced, but the role of complement in tumor growth and immunity is not fully understood
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements feedback by measuring specific biomarker levels (C1s, C1r, C1q, C5aR1) before and during complement-based therapy. This feedback mechanism provides information about complement system activity and treatment response, enabling clinicians to adjust therapy based on actual system state rather than proceeding with incomplete understanding of complement's role in tumor growth and immunity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary biomarker assessment to identify patients with high complement system involvement before initiating complement-based therapy. This preliminary action ensures that treatment is applied to appropriate patients who are likely to benefit, improving treatment response efficiency while systematically gathering information about complement's role in specific patient contexts
3Adaptability or versatility
If biomarker measurement is implemented to guide treatment, then patient selection for complement-based therapy can be improved, but current therapies lack effective biomarkers for prognosis and treatment
Solution Approach 1:
The patent establishes a universal biomarker panel (C1s, C1r, C1q, C5aR1) that serves multiple functions: prognosis prediction, treatment selection guidance, and response monitoring. This multi-functional biomarker system improves patient selection accuracy while achieving reliable measurement across different clinical contexts, resolving the limitation of lacking effective biomarkers for both prognosis and treatment guidance
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention includes a method of determining a prognosis of a subject with cancer, and treatments thereof, comprising: obtaining or having obtained a sample from the subject; and measuring in the sample a level of expression of one or more Complement or Complement related genes or proteins; and determining if the levels of expression of the Complement or Complement related gene or protein when compared to the levels of expression of the Complement or Complement related genes or proteins from a subject that does not have cancer, wherein a change in the level of expression of the Complement or Complement related genes or proteins is associated with an unfavorable prognosis or a favorable prognosis.