Complex Crystal Chemosensor via Supercritical CO2 Extraction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional complex crystals lack sensitivity to chemical substances at low concentrations, making them unsuitable for chemosensors that detect exhaled or skin chemical substances, and they do not exhibit significant changes in characteristics when incorporating chemical substances due to the presence of guest molecules that inhibit the incorporation of these substances.
Innovation Solution
A complex crystal with a structure comprising supramolecular units made of cyanoacrylic acid derivatives and trisubstituted methylamines, where molecular cavities are formed by detaching guest molecules using supercritical carbon dioxide, enhancing the sensitivity to chemical substances and allowing significant changes in characteristics when these substances are incorporated.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If guest molecules are present in the complex crystal structure, then the crystal structure is stable and formed through non-covalent interactions, but the sensitivity to chemical substances at low concentrations is reduced and incorporation of chemical substances is inhibited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes guest molecules from the complex crystal structure through heating treatment to create vacant sites. This extraction of unwanted elements (guest molecules) enables the crystal to incorporate chemical substances more effectively, thereby improving sensitivity without compromising the stability of the supramolecular unit structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a porous structure by removing guest molecules, forming vacant sites within the crystal lattice. This porous configuration allows chemical substances to be incorporated into the crystal structure, enhancing the sensing capability while maintaining the overall structural integrity through the stable supramolecular units.
2Ease of manufacture
If guest molecules are present in the complex crystal, then the crystal can be formed through recrystallization or vapor exposure methods, but the change in characteristics when incorporating chemical substances is minimized
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts guest molecules from the pre-formed complex crystal to create vacant sites. This removal step transforms the crystal from a guest-filled structure to a guest-free structure with vacant sites, enabling significant characteristic changes when chemical substances are incorporated, while the original ease of manufacture is preserved through the initial recrystallization or vapor exposure process.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies thermal treatment to change the physical state of the crystal, removing guest molecules through heating. This parameter change (temperature increase) transforms the crystal structure from a stable guest-containing form to a vacant-site form, which then exhibits enhanced adaptability to chemical substance incorporation.
3Device complexity
If conventional complex crystals are used for chemosensor applications, then the device structure is simple, but the detection sensitivity for low concentration chemical substances is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes guest molecules from the complex crystal to create vacant sites, thereby enhancing detection sensitivity without increasing device complexity. The simple crystal structure is modified only by the removal of guest molecules, maintaining ease of device construction while achieving superior sensing performance for low concentration chemical substances.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a porous crystal structure with vacant sites that can incorporate chemical substances. This porous configuration enhances detection sensitivity by providing sites for chemical substance incorporation, while the overall device structure remains simple and suitable for chemosensor applications.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The resulting complex crystal exhibits higher sensitivity to chemical substances at low concentrations, enabling effective detection by chemosensors, with a significant change in fluorescence intensity in response to chemical substances, such as ammonia gas, demonstrating improved responsiveness compared to conventional complex crystals.
Implementation Method 1
the detachment of the guest molecules from the precursor complex crystal is carried out by supercritical drying using supercritical carbon dioxide
Implementation Method 2
the complex crystal exhibits higher sensitivity to chemical substances at low concentrations, enabling effective detection by chemosensors, with a significant change in fluorescence intensity in response to chemical substances
Data Source
AI summary
The complex crystal of the present disclosure is a complex crystal having a structure in which supramolecular units each composed of two or more types of molecules are arrayed. Each of the supramolecular units contains a cyanoacrylic acid derivative and a trisubstituted methylamine as the molecules. The complex crystal has, between the supramolecular units, molecular cavities in each of which a guest molecule for which the supramolecular unit is a host is not disposed. The complex crystal of the present disclosure can have a property of incorporating a chemical substance therein and can exhibit a great change in a characteristic when incorporating the chemical substance therein.