Composite Armor with Grooved Plate and Geometric Solids

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing composite armor solutions are inadequate in effectively preventing penetration by AP-type projectiles and projectile fragments, and they often compromise on weight, which affects mobility and fuel efficiency in protected vehicles.

Innovation Solution

A composite passive armor design featuring grooves in the upper plate for geometric solids (spheres or truncated pyramids) embedded in a light alloy matrix, creating an energy gap and dissipating kinetic energy, with a bottom plate to arrest projectiles, and a light alloy matrix for reduced weight and enhanced protection.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If traditional composite armor structures are used, then protection against projectiles is provided, but the armor weight increases, reducing mobility and increasing fuel consumption

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprotection against projectilesVSAvoidarmor weight
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a composite structure combining a grooved metal plate, geometric solids (spheres or truncated pyramids), a light alloy matrix, and a bottom plate. This multi-material composite approach provides effective projectile protection while the light alloy matrix specifically addresses weight reduction, resolving the contradiction between protection reliability and armor weight.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The armor is divided into distinct functional segments: the grooved upper plate for initial projectile interaction, geometric solids for energy dissipation, the light alloy matrix for structural support and weight reduction, and the bottom plate for final projectile arrest. This segmentation allows each component to be optimized for its specific function, achieving protection with reduced overall weight.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Strength

If heavier armor materials are used to stop projectiles, then penetration prevention is improved, but vehicle mobility decreases and fuel consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepenetration resistanceVSAvoidvehicle mobility
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

The composite structure uses a light alloy matrix as the primary structural material, significantly reducing weight compared to traditional heavy armor materials. The geometric solids and grooved plate provide the necessary penetration resistance through kinetic energy dissipation, while the light alloy maintains structural integrity, achieving both strength and mobility requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the material parameter from traditional heavy armor to light alloy, fundamentally altering the weight-strength balance. The light alloy provides sufficient strength for vehicle mobility while the geometric solid configuration compensates for the lower density, maintaining penetration resistance without the weight penalty of conventional armor materials.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If thicker armor layers are used to arrest projectiles, then protection effectiveness increases, but the armor becomes heavier and more complex

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprojectile arrest capabilityVSAvoidarmor structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The armor structure is segmented into four distinct layers, each performing a specific function in the projectile arrest process: grooved plate for initial deflection, geometric solids for energy dissipation, light alloy matrix for structural support, and bottom plate for final arrest. This functional segmentation achieves effective projectile stopping without requiring excessive thickness, reducing overall structural complexity compared to monolithic thick armor.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The composite construction allows each layer to be optimized for its specific arrest function rather than requiring a single thick layer. The geometric solids provide efficient energy dissipation in a compact form, the light alloy matrix provides structural integrity with minimal thickness, and the grooved plate and bottom plate provide boundary conditions for projectile deflection and arrest, achieving effective protection with reduced complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution effectively prevents AP projectile penetration, reduces weight, and enhances mobility by dissipating kinetic energy, providing protection against projectiles up to 12.6 mm while minimizing fuel consumption.

Implementation Method 1

The layer between the plates, filled with the light alloy matrix material, forms an energy gap limiting crack propagation and resulting in dissipation of the kinetic energy of the projectile

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectKinetic energy dissipation: Deformation

Implementation Method 2

The protruding part of geometric solids prevents the penetration of AP-type projectiles, projectile fragments, and small arms projectiles. The mere shape and very hard material of the geometric solids cause distortion in the projectile flight path, or ricochet and weakening of the projectile kinetic energy

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFracture mechanics: Fracture Mechanics

Implementation Method 3

The layer between the plates, filled with the light alloy matrix material, forms an energy gap limiting crack propagation and resulting in dissipation of the kinetic energy of the projectile

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPlastic deformation: Plasticity

Implementation Method 4

The grooves in the upper plate prevent movement of the geometric solids in respect of the plate surface

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMechanical constraint: Mechanical Force

Implementation Method 5

The task of the bottom plate is to completely arrest the projectile, the energy of which was reduced on the layer of the geometric solids resting on the grooved upper plate and in the energy gap

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectImpact force: Impact Force

Data Source

PatentEP2776782B1Composite passive armor protection
Publication Date: 2016.04.06 INST ODLEWNICTWA
  • EP2776782B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2

AI summary

A composite passive armor protection having geometric solids embedded in a matrix, characterized in that it consists of the parallel non- adjacent plates (1, 2), wherein the upper plate (2) has grooves (3), in which are resting the geometric solids (4) embedded in a light alloy matrix (5), preferably to a level above one half of their total height, while the space between the parallel plates is a layer of light alloy (6).