Composite Binder for Lithium-Sulfur Cathodes With Stable Capacity Retention

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Solution Overview

Problem

Lithium-sulfur batteries face significant capacity decrease and short lifetime due to reactivity and stability issues in the positive electrode, limiting their commercialization and application in various fields.

Innovation Solution

A binder comprising lithium polyacrylate and polyvinyl alcohol is used in the positive electrode of lithium-sulfur batteries, enhancing electrochemical properties and stability, thereby improving capacity and lifetime.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional binders (single polymer type) are used in the positive electrode, then the electrode structure is simple and manufacturing is easier, but the electrochemical stability and capacity retention deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrochemical stability and capacity retentionVSAvoidbinder composition complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies composite materials by combining lithium polyacrylate and polyvinyl alcohol in a weight ratio of 95:5 to 50:50 to create a binder with enhanced electrochemical stability and capacity retention. This composite binder system leverages the complementary properties of both polymers to resolve the contradiction between simple composition and high reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs parameter changes by systematically varying the weight ratio of lithium polyacrylate to polyvinyl alcohol to optimize binder performance. By adjusting this compositional parameter, the invention achieves improved electrochemical stability and capacity retention while managing the complexity of binder composition.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Use of energy by moving object

If sulfur-based positive electrode active material is used, then high theoretical energy density (2,600 Wh/kg) and high capacity are achieved, but capacity decreases significantly as cycles progress due to reactivity and stability issues

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetheoretical energy densityVSAvoidbattery lifetime and capacity retention
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSDuration of action of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses the composite binder system as an intermediary between the sulfur-based active material and the electrolyte. This binder mediator improves interfacial stability, reduces harmful side reactions, and maintains capacity retention over extended cycling, thereby extending battery lifetime while preserving high energy density.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent converts the inherent reactivity issues of sulfur-based materials into benefits by using the composite binder to stabilize the sulfur electrode. The binder system transforms the problematic sulfur-electrolyte interface into a stable configuration that maintains both high capacity and long cycle life.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

3Reliability

If electrolyte additives (nitrogen-containing additive, sulfur-containing additive, or organic peroxide) are included to improve capacity decrease, then battery capacity is improved, but electroconductive deterioration and battery side reactions occur

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebattery capacityVSAvoidelectroconductive deterioration and side reactions
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the capacity improvement function from the electrolyte additives and relocates it to the positive electrode binder. By moving the stabilizing function to the binder system, the invention achieves capacity enhancement without introducing the harmful electroconductive deterioration and side reactions associated with electrolyte additives.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

4Duration of action of stationary object

If a positive electrode coating layer (amphipathic polymer) is formed on the sulfur-carbon composite surface to enhance cycle properties, then cycle life is improved, but the process is time-consuming and costly with sulfur loss

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecycle lifeVSAvoidsurface treatment time
Core Design Contradiction:
Duration of action of stationary objectVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the coating layer function with the binder system by incorporating both lithium polyacrylate and polyvinyl alcohol directly into the binder formulation. This integration eliminates the need for separate surface coating steps, reducing manufacturing time and cost while preventing sulfur loss, yet still achieves improved cycle life.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The use of lithium polyacrylate and polyvinyl alcohol as a binder significantly improves the electrochemical stability and capacity retention of lithium-sulfur batteries, extending their lifetime and enhancing their performance.

Implementation Method 1

A binder for a lithium-sulfur battery comprises lithium polyacrylate and polyvinyl alcohol

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAdhesion: Adhesive

Implementation Method 2

a reduction reaction occurs in a positive electrode by sulfur receiving electrons and an oxidation reaction occurs in a negative electrode by lithium being ionized when discharged

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOxidation-reduction reaction: Redox Reactions

Data Source

PatentEP3664200B1Binder for lithium-sulfur battery, positive electrode comprising same, and lithium-sulfur battery
Publication Date: 2024.02.14 LG ENERGY SOLUTION LTD
  • EP3664200B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3664200B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3664200B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A binder for a lithium-sulfur battery, and a positive electrode and a lithium-sulfur battery including the same, and in particular, to a binder for a lithium-sulfur battery including lithium polyacrylate and polyvinyl alcohol. By including two types of specific polymers, the binder for a lithium-sulfur battery is capable of enhancing electrochemical properties and stability of a positive electrode, and thereby enhancing capacity and lifetime properties of a lithium-sulfur battery.