Composite Carbon Electrode for Lead-Acid Battery PSOC
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Lead-acid battery electrodes with carbon materials experience reduced cycle life due to Pb and PbSO4 deposition, clogging internal pores, and deteriorating capacitor function during repeated charge/discharge operations in partial state of charge (PSOC) conditions.
Innovation Solution
A hybrid electrode with a coating layer comprising composite carbon particles, where particles of a first capacitor carbon material are coated with smaller particles of a second electrically conductive carbon material, enhancing surface coverage and conductivity, thereby reducing Pb and PbSO4 deposition and clogging.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If particles of carbon material having capacitor function are used in the coating layer, then the quick charge/discharge capability is improved, but Pb and PbSO4 are deposited on the particle surfaces and internal pores become clogged, shortening cycle life
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses composite carbon particles consisting of capacitor carbon material particles (providing quick charge/discharge capability) coated with conductive carbon material particles (preventing Pb/PbSO4 deposition). This composite structure combines the high power characteristics of capacitor carbon with the protective and conductive properties of conductive carbon, resolving the contradiction between quick charge/discharge capability and cycle life.
Solution Approach 2:
The conductive carbon material particles act as an intermediary layer between the capacitor carbon material particles and the electrolyte. This intermediary coating prevents direct contact between Pb ions and the capacitor carbon particle surfaces, thereby preventing Pb and PbSO4 deposition while maintaining the capacitor function.
2Quantity of substance
If the surface area of carbon particles is increased to enhance capacitor function, then the adsorption capability is improved, but the particles have smooth external shapes with small apparent surface areas, limiting effectiveness
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies smaller conductive carbon material particles onto the surface of larger capacitor carbon material particles, creating a nested structure. This nested arrangement increases the effective surface area available for electrochemical reactions while maintaining the internal pore structure for ion adsorption, thereby resolving the contradiction between adsorption capability and apparent surface area.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The hybrid electrode significantly improves cycle life by protecting the surface of the first capacitor carbon material and maintaining electrical conductivity, leading to enhanced performance in repeated charge/discharge operations.
Implementation Method 1
particles of a first capacitor carbon material which are coated with particles of a second electrically conductive carbon material
Implementation Method 2
which is then applied to the surface of the electrode plate and dried
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention generally relates to electrodes for use in lead-acid battery systems, batteries and electrical storage devices thereof, and methods for producing the electrodes, batteries and electrical storage devices. In particular, the electrodes comprise active battery material for a lead-acid storage battery, wherein the surface of the electrode is provided with a coating layer comprising a carbon mixture containing composite carbon particles, wherein each of the composite carbon particles comprises a particle of a first capacitor carbon material combined with particles of a second electrically conductive carbon material. The electrical storage devices and batteries comprising the electrodes are, for example, particularly suitable for use in hybrid electric vehicles requiring a repeated rapid charge/discharge operation in the PSOC, idling-stop system vehicles, and in industrial applications such as wind power generation, and photovoltaic power generation.