Composite Catalyst for Butadiene Trimerization

The patent employs a composite catalyst system comprising titanium compound (A), organometallic co-catalyst (B), sulfoxide compound (C), and monoester compound (D). This composite structure combines multiple functional components to achieve synergistic effects, where titanium provides catalytic activity, organometallic co-catalyst enhances activation, sulfoxide modifies selectivity, and monoester further optimizes performance. The composite nature resolves the contradiction by integrating multiple functions into one system, achieving both high productivity and reliability.

The patent systematically optimizes multiple parameters including molar ratios of catalyst components (A):(B):(C):(D) within ranges of 1:1-1000:10:5, temperature (20-120°C), and reaction pressure (0.1-1MPa). By changing these parameters, the catalyst transforms from low-activity conventional systems to high-activity composite systems with activity up to 20000g CDT/g Ti/h, resolving the productivity issue while maintaining industrial applicability.

The sulfoxide compound (C) and monoester compound (D) act as intermediary modifying agents between the titanium catalyst and butadiene substrate. These intermediaries modify the catalyst's interaction with butadiene, directing the reaction pathway toward CDT formation while suppressing side reactions. The sulfoxide provides steric and electronic modification, while monoester further fine-tunes the catalyst properties, achieving selectivity exceeding 95% while maintaining the established process framework.

The patent introduces specific functional groups (sulfoxide and monoester) at local positions within the catalyst system to modify local properties. The sulfoxide compound provides localized steric hindrance and electronic effects at the active site, while monoester provides additional localized modification. This local quality enhancement directs the reaction specificity toward CDT without requiring complete process redesign, maintaining stability while improving precision.

The patent segments the catalyst system into distinct functional components: titanium compound (A) for base catalytic activity, organometallic co-catalyst (B) for activation enhancement, sulfoxide compound (C) for selectivity modification, and monoester compound (D) for performance optimization. Each segment can be independently optimized and controlled, allowing systematic improvement of catalytic activity while maintaining ease of manufacture through standardized preparation procedures at 20-120°C.

The patent performs preliminary preparation of the composite catalyst system before the actual trimerization reaction. The catalyst components are pre-mixed and activated under controlled conditions (20-120°C, nitrogen atmosphere) to ensure optimal performance. This preliminary action includes adding termination agents to control the reaction, ensuring the catalyst is fully prepared and activated before contact with butadiene, thereby maximizing catalytic activity from the start of production.