Layered Composite Pressure Cylinder Material for Low Permeability

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current gas cylinders, primarily made of metallic materials, face challenges with weldability, fracture strength, and weight, while composite cylinders using structural fibers offer improved mechanical properties but lack adequate screening capacity and permeability for urban applications involving frequent impacts and external collisions.

Innovation Solution

A composite material comprising four layers: a polytetrafluorethylene inner layer, a high-density polyethylene middle layer, a carbon fiber or polyacrylonitrile sheet layer immersed in epoxy resin, and an outer layer of aramid fibers impregnated with a dilating fluid and epoxy resin, providing high resistance, low weight, and enhanced screening capacity.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Strength

If metallic materials are used for pressure cylinders, then high mechanical resistance and fracture strength are achieved, but weight increases and weldability deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemechanical resistanceVSAvoidcylinder weight
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a composite structure consisting of an aluminum alloy base material combined with carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) layers. The aluminum alloy provides high mechanical resistance and fracture strength, while the CFRP layers contribute to weight reduction and enhanced screening capacity. This composite approach resolves the contradiction by achieving high strength-to-weight ratio that neither material could accomplish alone.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Weight of moving object

If lighter materials are used for pressure cylinders, then weight advantage is achieved, but resistance capacity to pressure deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecylinder weightVSAvoidpressure resistance capacity
Core Design Contradiction:
Weight of moving objectVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses a composite structure with aluminum alloy base material and carbon fiber reinforced plastic layers. The aluminum alloy provides the necessary pressure resistance capacity while keeping weight low, and the CFRP layers add structural reinforcement and screening capability. This combination achieves both light weight and high pressure resistance capacity simultaneously.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

3Strength

If structural fibers are used for composite cylinders, then mechanical properties are improved, but screening capacity deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemechanical propertiesVSAvoidscreening capacity
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a composite structure combining aluminum alloy base material with carbon fiber reinforced plastic layers. The carbon fiber layers provide excellent mechanical properties including tensile strength and fatigue resistance, while the multi-layer composite structure and epoxy resin matrix provide effective screening capacity against external impacts and collisions. This resolves the contradiction by achieving both high mechanical properties and adequate screening capacity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Data Source

PatentUS11407194B2Composite, process for the production thereof, use of said material and articles comprising the said material
Publication Date: 2022.08.09 OTTONI CANDIDO FILHO ANDRE GUSTAVO

AI summary

The present invention refers to a composite material that comprises carbon fiber or sheet made from polyacrylonitrile (PAN) or lignin being indicated for the manufacture of several articles such as high resistance pressure cylinder. Said material presents several advantages such as, for example, to provide improved screening to the articles that comprise it.The referred composite comprises:a first inner layer of polytetrafluorethylene, covered bya second layer of high-density polyethylene, adhered toa third layer of composite containing carbon fiber or sheet made from polyacrylonitrile (PAN) or lignin immersed in cured epoxy resin from a polymeric matrix and a hardener; anda fourth outer layer of composite, comprising aramid fiber impregnated with a dilating fluid and cured epoxy resin from a polymeric matrix and a hardener.