Composite Drive Member for Vehicle Differential Actuator

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional vehicle differential systems face challenges in maintaining optimal torque transmission when one wheel encounters a surface with a lower coefficient of friction than the others, leading to undesired vehicle performance due to differential wheel spin rates.

Innovation Solution

A drive member for a vehicle differential lock mechanism, comprising a coil and a movable drive member responsive to a magnetic field, formed from magnetically responsive and non-responsive materials, with a third body having a lower coefficient of thermal expansion, allowing for controlled engagement and disengagement of the locking mechanism.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If a single magnetically conductive material is used for the movable plate, then the manufacturing process is simple, but the thermal expansion mismatch causes binding or seizing under temperature variations

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing simplicityVSAvoidoperational reliability under temperature variations
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The movable plate is constructed as a composite assembly comprising a first magnetically conductive plate, a second non-magnetically conductive plate, and a third magnetically conductive plate. This composite structure allows selection of materials with matched thermal expansion coefficients, eliminating binding or seizing under temperature variations while maintaining manufacturability through modular assembly.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The movable plate is divided into multiple segmented components (first, second, and third plates) that can be independently selected and assembled. This segmentation enables optimization of each component's material properties, particularly thermal expansion characteristics, to match corresponding stationary components and prevent operational binding.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Force

If the drive member is made entirely from magnetically responsive material, then the magnetic field actuation is effective, but thermal expansion mismatch with the housing causes binding under temperature variations

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemagnetic actuation forceVSAvoidthermal stability
Core Design Contradiction:
ForceVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

Different regions of the drive member have different material properties: the first and third plates are magnetically responsive for effective magnetic actuation, while the second plate is non-magnetic and can be selected to have thermal expansion characteristics that match the housing, preventing binding at the interface.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Adaptability or versatility

If conventional differential systems are used, then the wheels can turn at different rates during normal operation, but torque transmission fails when one wheel encounters a surface with lower friction coefficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewheel speed adaptabilityVSAvoidtorque transmission reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The system dynamically transitions between open and locked states based on operating conditions. The electromagnetic actuator enables the differential to switch from allowing different wheel speeds (open state) to forcing uniform wheel speeds (locked state), adapting to varying traction conditions and ensuring reliable torque transmission when needed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables effective locking and unlocking of the differential, ensuring uniform torque distribution between wheels, improving vehicle performance by adapting to varying traction conditions.

Implementation Method 1

a coil and a drive member movable in response to a magnetic field generated by application of electricity to the coil

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMagnetic field: Magnetic Field

Data Source

PatentEP3499090B1Electromagnetic actuator for a vehicle differential
Publication Date: 2020.07.15 GKN AUTOMOTIVE LTD
  • EP3499090B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3499090B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3499090B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4

AI summary

A system for a vehicle differential includes a coil (49) and a drive member (54) movable between a first position and a second position. The drive member has an axis and includes a first body (74) that is magnetically responsive, a second body (76) formed at least partially from a second material that is not magnetically responsive and a third body (78) that defines a radially inner surface of the drive member. The first body, second body and third body are coupled together with the third body being formed from a material having a lower coefficient of thermal expansion than the second body. The system may also include a lock member (56) driven by the drive member to engage a gear of the differential in at least one position of the lock member.