Composite Fire Extinguishing Agent Cooling Battery Fires
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing fire extinguishing agents for battery fires lack effective cooling capabilities, leading to secondary reignition due to inadequate heat absorption, with water being conductive and chemical gas agents having poor latent heat of vaporization.
Innovation Solution
A composite fire extinguishing agent is prepared by refining and hydrophobically treating heat-absorbing materials like crystalline hydrated salts, which are then mixed with fire extinguishing agents to enhance cooling performance, using methods like ball milling and spray drying to achieve particle sizes below 20 μm and incorporating emulsified silicone oil for hydrophobic treatment.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If water is used as fire extinguishing agent, then cooling effect is improved, but electrical conductivity increases causing secondary disasters
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines heat-absorbing material (providing cooling effect) with fire extinguishing agent (providing fire suppression and electrical insulation) to create a composite fire extinguishing agent that simultaneously achieves cooling, fire extinguishing, and electrical insulation functions
Solution Approach 2:
The patent merges multiple functions into a single fire extinguishing agent system: heat absorption through phase change of crystalline hydrated salt, fire suppression through fire extinguishing agent, and electrical insulation through the non-conductive properties of the composite formulation
2Object-affected harmful factors
If chemical gas extinguishing agents are used, then electrical conductivity is reduced, but cooling effect deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent formulates a composite fire extinguishing agent combining heat-absorbing material with chemical gas extinguishing agent, achieving both electrical insulation and enhanced cooling effect through the phase change properties of crystalline hydrated salt
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes phase transition of crystalline hydrated salt (solid-liquid transition) which absorbs large amounts of heat during melting, providing significant cooling effect while the composite formulation maintains electrical insulation properties
3Temperature
If heat-absorbing material is added to fire extinguishing agent, then cooling effect is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes parameters including particle size of heat-absorbing material (≤20 μm), mass ratio of heat-absorbing material to fire extinguishing agent (1-50:50-99), and processing conditions (hydrophobic treatment at 50-60°C for 7-10 hours) to balance cooling effect with formulation simplicity and operational ease
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composite agent effectively extinguishes battery fires by absorbing heat through phase transition, preventing secondary reignition and improving fire extinguishing efficiency while maintaining non-conductivity.
Implementation Method 1
The heat-absorbing material is crystalline hydrated salt... absorbing heat through phase transition
Implementation Method 2
the latent heat of vaporization of perfluorhexanone extinguishing agents is only 88 kJ/kg, which is far less than the latent heat 2257 kJ/kg of vaporization of water
Implementation Method 3
a hydrophobic treatment method of the heat-absorbing material comprises: stirring and dispersing the refined heat-absorbing material powder in anhydrous n-hexane; then adding emulsified silicone oil with mass fraction of 1-3% and mixing evenly
Implementation Method 4
a refining treatment method of the heat-absorbing material comprises: refining the heat-absorbing material by at least one of a ball milling method, a supersonic airflow crushing method and a spray drying method to obtain heat-absorbing material powder with a particle size of less than or equal to 20 μm
Implementation Method 5
a refining treatment method of the heat-absorbing material comprises: refining the heat-absorbing material by at least one of a ball milling method, a supersonic airflow crushing method and a spray drying method to obtain heat-absorbing material powder with a particle size of less than or equal to 20 μm
Data Source
AI summary
A preparation method for a composite fire extinguishing agent with a cooling function is provided, comprising the steps of conducting refining and hydrophobic treating on heat-absorbing material; and mixing the treated heat-absorbing material and a fire extinguishing agent proportionally to obtain a composite fire extinguishing agent with a cooling function. The present invention enhances the cooling performance of the fire extinguishing agent by adding the heat-absorbing material on the basis of the existing fire extinguishing agent, wherein the heat-absorbing material can absorb the heat released by batteries through phase transition (solid-liquid) heat absorption and decomposition heat absorption.