Composite Iron Pellet Core-Shell Structure for Gas Reduction

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Solution Overview

Problem

The ironmaking industry faces challenges in reducing natural gas consumption while maintaining or increasing productivity, as existing methods for producing iron with solid carbon materials have limitations in reducibility and efficiency.

Innovation Solution

A composite iron pellet with a core and shell structure is developed, comprising an inner core of iron ore and a carbonaceous reducing agent, and an outer shell of unreduced iron ore, which is fired to achieve high iron oxide content and efficient reduction in the presence of reformed natural gas.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of energy

If solid carbon materials are used as reducing agents to replace natural gas, then natural gas consumption is reduced, but reducibility and efficiency deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenatural gas consumptionVSAvoidreducibility and efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The pellet is divided into a core portion containing carbonaceous material and an outer shell portion containing iron ore, enabling simultaneous reduction and protection functions in different zones

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The invention uses a composite structure combining carbonaceous material (coke, coal, or charcoal) in the core with iron ore in the shell, creating a multi-functional material that achieves both energy efficiency and high reducibility

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Strength

If the coating layer is densified to increase pellet strength, then strength is improved, but reducibility in the central part deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepellet strengthVSAvoidreducibility in central part
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The pellet structure is segmented into a core portion with reducing agent and an outer shell portion, allowing the shell to provide strength while the core maintains reducibility through controlled porosity and material composition

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Different regions of the pellet have different properties: the core contains carbonaceous material for reduction, while the outer shell provides structural strength and protection, with each zone optimized for its specific function

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Productivity

If carbonaceous material is added to iron ore to create two-layer structure, then reducibility is improved, but manufacturing complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovereducibilityVSAvoidmanufacturing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The carbonaceous material is pre-added to the iron ore mixture before pelletizing, allowing the reducing agent to be incorporated into the pellet structure during the forming process rather than requiring subsequent coating or treatment steps

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach reduces natural gas consumption while maintaining or increasing productivity by enhancing the reducibility and strength of the iron pellets, allowing for effective iron production with improved physical, mechanical, and metallurgical properties.

Implementation Method 1

the inner core comprises a reducing agent comprising a carbonaceous material... reducing the composite iron pellets in the presence of reformed natural gas

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectChemical reduction: Reduction

Implementation Method 2

the pellet is fired... which is fired to achieve high iron oxide content and efficient reduction

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal heating: Heating

Data Source

PatentEP3099830B1Composite iron pellets
Publication Date: 2021.03.31 SAUDI BASIC INDUSTRIES CORP

AI summary

Disclosed herein are methods and compositions for producing composite iron pellets comprising an inner core comprising iron ore and a reducing agent comprising a carbonaceous material; and an outer shell comprising unreduced iron ore. The resulting composite iron pellets can be used to produce direct reduced iron (DRI) with improved productivity while reducing gas consumption.