Composite Laminate Interlayer Thickness Reduction via Soluble Thermoplastic Dissolution

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Solution Overview

Problem

The existing methods for composite laminates often result in substantial thickness increases due to interlayers used to impede crack propagation, which is undesirable.

Innovation Solution

A method of fabricating a composite laminate by forming a stack with first and second fiber beds and an interlayer, where the interlayer includes an insoluble component and a soluble thermoplastic component, and dissolving the soluble thermoplastic component into the matrix resin to reduce the interlayer thickness to between 2 and 8 microns.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If interlayers are used to impede crack propagation, then crack propagation resistance is improved, but laminate thickness increases substantially

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecrack propagation resistanceVSAvoidlaminate thickness
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLength of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by transforming the interlayer from a thick, non-dissolving structure to a thin, dissolving structure. The interlayer thickness is reduced to 2-20 microns and made soluble in the matrix resin, allowing it to dissolve completely during curing. This parameter transformation maintains crack propagation resistance through the insoluble component while eliminating thickness increase through complete dissolution of the soluble thermoplastic component.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent utilizes phase transitions by employing a thermoplastic component that transitions from a solid interlayer structure to a dissolved state in the matrix resin. The soluble thermoplastic component dissolves during the curing process, transitioning from a distinct phase (interlayer) to being integrated into the matrix resin phase, thereby eliminating the interlayer thickness while maintaining its crack impeding function through the insoluble component.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #36Phase transitions

2Length of stationary object

If interlayer thickness is reduced, then laminate thickness is decreased, but crack propagation resistance may be compromised

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinterlayer thicknessVSAvoidcrack propagation resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
Length of stationary objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies composite materials by creating a dual-component interlayer structure combining soluble thermoplastic and insoluble components. The insoluble component (such as inorganic particles, fibers, or crosslinked polymer) provides the essential crack propagation resistance, while the soluble thermoplastic component provides processing benefits and complete dissolution. This composite structure enables thin interlayer thickness (2-20 microns) while maintaining adequate toughness through the insoluble component.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies the extraction principle by separating the crack propagation resistance function from the thickness-providing function. The insoluble component retains the crack impeding capability, while the soluble thermoplastic component is extracted/dissolved during curing to eliminate excess thickness. This functional separation allows the interlayer to provide crack resistance without contributing to final laminate thickness.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach effectively reduces the interlayer thickness while maintaining crack propagation resistance, allowing for a thinner composite laminate without compromising toughness.

Implementation Method 1

dissolving entirely or partially the soluble thermoplastic component into the matrix resin to reduce thickness of the interlayer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDissolution: Solvation

Data Source

PatentEP3025854B1Fabrication of composite laminates having thin interlayers
Publication Date: 2024.04.10 THE BOEING CO
  • EP3025854B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3025854B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP3025854B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

A method of fabricating a composite laminate comprises forming a stack including first and second fiber beds and an interlayer between the fiber beds. The fiber beds are impregnated with matrix resin. The interlayer includes a soluble thermoplastic component on an insoluble component. The method further comprises dissolving the soluble thermoplastic component into the matrix resin to reduce thickness of the interlayer.