Composite-to-Metal Joint with Staggered Transition Zones

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing composite structures face challenges in creating a cost-effective and lightweight composite-to-metal joint that withstands loads without chemical reactions between metal fittings and composite resin structures, while minimizing eccentricity and bending loads at fastener connections.

Innovation Solution

A hybrid composite structure is developed with laminated layers of fiber-reinforced composite resin and titanium metal sheets, where the layers are arranged in edge-to-edge abutment with staggered transition points to form a composite-to-metal joint, and an adhesive is used to unitize the metal sheets, creating a strong and corrosion-resistant bond.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Strength

If metal fittings are attached to composite structure at fastener locations, then load bearing capacity is improved, but cost increases and chemical reactions may occur

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveload bearing capacityVSAvoidchemical reactions
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a transition zone comprising fiber layers that serve as an intermediary between the metal fitting and the composite structure. This transition zone has fiber orientations that progressively change from aligned with the metal fitting to aligned with the composite structure, creating a gradual transition that eliminates abrupt material interfaces and prevents harmful chemical reactions while maintaining load transfer capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs composite materials with varying fiber orientations in the transition zone. The fiber layers are arranged with different orientations to create a gradient structure that smoothly transitions between metal and composite regions, providing both mechanical strength and chemical compatibility across the joint.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Strength

If local thickness of composite structure is increased to withstand fastener loads, then strength is improved, but weight increases and eccentricity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestrength at fastener jointVSAvoidweight of composite structure
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the joint region into multiple zones with different thicknesses and fiber orientations. Instead of uniformly increasing the entire structure thickness, only the transition zone around the fastener is thickened with specifically oriented fibers, providing localized strength enhancement without proportionally increasing overall weight.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies local quality by creating a transition zone with enhanced thickness and specific fiber orientations only at the fastener location where loads are applied. The rest of the composite structure maintains its original thickness, thereby providing targeted strength improvement without unnecessary weight increase elsewhere in the structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Strength

If increased local thickness is used to strengthen fastener joint, then strength is improved, but bending loads on fastener increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestrength at fastener jointVSAvoidbending load on fastener
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSForce

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs asymmetric fiber orientations in the transition zone, where fiber layers are angled to match the load path from the metal fitting into the composite structure. This asymmetric arrangement creates a load transfer path that is optimized for the specific loading conditions, reducing eccentricity and bending moments on the fastener while maintaining joint strength.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #4Asymmetry

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The hybrid composite structure effectively transfers loads between composite and metal portions, reduces the risk of corrosion and crack propagation, and provides a strong, lightweight connection suitable for aerospace applications.

Implementation Method 1

a layer of adhesive between the metal sheets for unitizing the metal sheets

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAdhesive bonding: Adhesive

Data Source

PatentEP2605902B1Composite structures having composite-to-metal joints and method for making the same
Publication Date: 2021.02.17 THE BOEING CO
  • EP2605902B1 patent drawingFigure 1~3
  • EP2605902B1 patent drawingFigure 4~6
  • EP2605902B1 patent drawingFigure 7~8

AI summary

A composite structure comprises stacked sets of laminated fiber reinforced resin plies and metal sheets. Edges of the resin plies and metal sheets are interleaved to form a composite-to-metal joint connecting the resin plies with the metal sheets.