Fiber-Reinforced Composite Reed for Wind Instruments

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing wind instrument reed materials, such as those made from natural Arundo Donax, suffer from material inhomogeneity and fatigue, leading to variable quality and poor reproducibility, while synthetic alternatives fail to replicate the timbre and playability of natural materials, especially in professional applications like the German clarinet system.

Innovation Solution

A fiber-reinforced polymer composite sheet using a thermoplastic elastomer matrix with micro-hollow balls, specifically thermoplastic copolyester or urethane, combined with carbon fibers and glass micro-hollow balls, which enhances fatigue strength, processing ease, and reproducibility, and replicates the sound characteristics of natural reeds.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If natural Arundo Donax material is used for the reed, then the timbre and playability are satisfactory, but material inhomogeneity and material fatigue occur leading to variable quality

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvequality consistencyVSAvoidmaterial inhomogeneity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses a composite material consisting of a thermoplastic elastomer matrix reinforced with carbon fibers and containing micro-hollow balls. This composite structure combines the advantages of different materials: the thermoplastic elastomer provides flexibility and vibration characteristics, the carbon fibers provide strength and fatigue resistance, and the micro-hollow balls reduce density while maintaining structural integrity. This resolves the contradiction by providing both consistency and reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent specifies precise parameter ranges for the composite material: carbon fiber content of 10-30 wt%, micro-hollow ball content of 30-70 vol%, and specific density ranges (0.85-1.05 g/cm³). By controlling these parameters, the patent achieves reproducible quality while maintaining the vibration characteristics necessary for satisfactory timbre and playability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Manufacturing precision

If synthetic plastic materials are used for the reed, then manufacturing reproducibility is improved, but the timbre and playability cannot be satisfactorily replicated

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveproduction reproducibilityVSAvoidtimbre quality
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a composite material system that combines thermoplastic elastomer with carbon fibers and micro-hollow balls. This composite structure enables injection molding production (ensuring reproducibility) while simultaneously achieving the vibration characteristics and density necessary for satisfactory timbre. The carbon fibers provide structural stability and the micro-hollow balls adjust the density to match natural reeds.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The inclusion of micro-hollow balls (30-70 vol%) creates a porous-like structure within the solid polymer matrix. This reduces the overall density of the reed material to match natural Arundo Donax, enabling the synthetic reed to replicate the vibration characteristics and timbre of natural reeds while maintaining manufacturing reproducibility through injection molding.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #31Porous materials

3Ease of manufacture

If thermoplastic polymers with micro-hollow balls are used, then processing ease is improved, but fatigue strength and crawling/relaxation strength become inadequate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprocessing easeVSAvoidfatigue strength
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines thermoplastic elastomer with carbon fiber reinforcement (10-30 wt%). The carbon fibers provide the necessary fatigue strength and crawling/relaxation strength, while the thermoplastic elastomer matrix maintains ease of processing through injection molding. This composite structure resolves the contradiction by combining the strength benefits of fibers with the processing advantages of thermoplastics.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides a high-quality, reproducible wind instrument reed with improved fatigue and relaxation strength, balanced mechanical properties, and a sound quality that matches or surpasses natural reeds, ensuring consistent performance and a distinctive 'Wiener sound' in professional settings.

Implementation Method 1

a ton generating sheet made of fiber composite materials for wind instruments, whereby the fiber composite material is a fiber-reinforced polymer compound

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectComposite materials: Composite Materials

Implementation Method 2

the polymer compound comprises a thermoplastic elastomer that are added to the micro -hollow balls

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermoplastic elastomer:

Implementation Method 3

The air flow, which is blown into the instrument by the musician, begins to vibrate the sheet attached to the mouthpiece, which creates a vibration in the air column of the instrument

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVibration: Vibration

Implementation Method 4

creates a vibration in the air column of the instrument

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAcoustics: Acoustics

Implementation Method 5

The micro -hollow balls serve to reduce the density of the polymer compound

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPorosity: Porosity

Data Source

PatentEP3682441B1Sound-producing reed for wind instruments
Publication Date: 2022.10.12 MAXTON GMBH

AI summary

The invention relates to a sound-producing reed made of fiber-reinforced composite materials for wind instruments. The fiber-reinforced composite material is a fiber-reinforced polymer compound, to which hollow microspheres are added. The polymer compound comprises a thermoplastic elastomer. The sound quality of the plastic reed according to the invention can no longer be distinguished from that of the presently used reeds, and the plastic reed according to the invention is even able to reproduce the characteristically dark, soft tone color of the "Viennese sound". The polymer compound according to the invention is additionally suitable for the production of the plastic reed according to the invention in an injection-molding process, whereby good batch uniformity can be ensured in the production. The plastic reed is additionally very stable, and the properties thereof do not change, including during playing.