Composite Solid Electrolyte for Dendrite-Resistant Li-Ion Batteries
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional lithium-ion batteries face safety risks due to flammable organic solvents and dendrite formation, which limits their use in large-scale energy storage, and there is a need for electrolyte materials with high metal ion conductivity, chemical stability, mechanical strength, and processability for next-generation batteries.
Innovation Solution
A composite material comprising a metal ion salt and particles of Fe(1-a)MaO(1-z)YzX, where M is a cation, Y is an anion, and X is a halide, with a particle size of 500 nm or less, combined with ceramic or polymer electrolytes, to enhance metal ion conductivity and mechanical properties.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If flammable organic liquid electrolyte is used in Li-ion batteries, then good ion conductivity is achieved, but safety risk increases due to flammability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical state of the electrolyte from liquid to solid by using inorganic solid electrolytes (such as sulfides, oxides, halides) and their composite materials. This parameter change eliminates flammability while maintaining ion conductivity, directly resolving the safety contradiction.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs composite material systems combining inorganic solid electrolytes with conductive additives and matrix materials. These composites achieve both high ion conductivity and inherent safety by eliminating organic flammable components while maintaining electrochemical performance.
2Quantity of substance
If Li metal anode is used to increase energy density, then theoretical energy density increases, but dendrite formation occurs causing short circuits
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces inorganic solid electrolytes as an intermediary layer between the Li metal anode and cathode. This intermediary prevents direct contact and dendrite penetration while facilitating controlled ion transport, enabling high energy density without short circuit risks.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes porous or nanostructured inorganic solid electrolyte materials that provide controlled ion transport pathways. These structures enable smooth Li ion deposition and prevent dendrite formation while maintaining high ionic conductivity for energy-dense Li metal anodes.
3Reliability
If inorganic solid electrolyte is used instead of organic liquid electrolyte, then safety and thermal stability improve, but ion conductivity decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the chemical composition and crystal structure parameters of inorganic solid electrolytes (such as doping sulfides with halides, optimizing oxide compositions) to enhance ionic conductivity. These parameter changes maintain the inherent thermal stability of inorganic materials while improving ion transport properties.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates composite electrolyte systems combining different inorganic materials (e.g., sulfide-based electrolytes with halide additives, oxide-composite systems) that synergistically improve ion conductivity while preserving the high thermal stability characteristic of inorganic solid electrolytes.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composite material achieves high metal ion conductivity, chemical stability, and mechanical strength, facilitating the development of safe and efficient solid-state batteries with improved energy density and scalability.
Implementation Method 1
A primary function of the solid metal ion conductive phase, usually called solid metal-ion conductor or solid-state electrolyte, is to conduct metal ions from the anode side to the cathode side during discharge and from the cathode side to the anode side during charge
Data Source
AI summary
A metal ion conductive composition containing an intimate mixture of particles of Fe(1-a)MaO(1-z)YzX and a metal ion salt is provided. In the formula M is a cation, Y is an anion selected from the group consisting of N, S and Se, X is at least one halide selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br and I, a is a number from 0 to 0.75 and z is a number from 0 to 0.75 The particle size of the Fe(1-a)MaO(1-z)YzX particles is 500 nm or less and the metal ion salt contains a metal ion selected from alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, Zinc ion and Aluminum ion. A solid-state metal ion battery containing the metal ion conductive composition is described and in one embodiment, a solid-state lithium-ion battery containing the metal ion conductive composition is disclosed.