Composite Battery Substrate for Short-Circuit Heat Suppression
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Solution Overview
Problem
Rechargeable lithium batteries face issues with internal short-circuits and ignition, which can be exacerbated by factors such as metal nail penetration, leading to safety hazards and reduced performance.
Innovation Solution
A composite substrate for rechargeable lithium batteries is introduced, comprising a support layer with ceramic particles or fire-extinguishing liquid capsules, along with metal layers, designed to hinder or suppress internal short-circuits and ignition by absorbing heat and releasing fire-extinguishing agents.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a conventional substrate is used in rechargeable lithium batteries, then the battery structure is simple and manufacturing is easy, but the battery is susceptible to internal short-circuits and ignition hazards
Solution Approach 1:
The substrate is constructed as a composite structure comprising a support layer made of polymer material, with a ceramic layer formed on at least one surface of the support layer. This composite structure combines the flexibility and adhesion benefits of polymer materials with the thermal stability and fire resistance of ceramic materials, thereby enhancing safety against internal short-circuits and ignition without excessive complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The ceramic layer is formed in advance on the support layer during the manufacturing process. This preliminary formation of the protective ceramic barrier ensures that the safety function is built-in from the beginning, preventing internal short-circuits and ignition before they can occur during battery operation, rather than adding safety measures as afterthoughts
2Reliability
If safety features are added to prevent internal short-circuits and ignition, then battery safety is improved, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The support layer and ceramic layer are combined into a single integrated substrate structure, where the ceramic layer is directly formed on the support layer. This merging eliminates the need for separate assembly steps to add safety features, as the safety function is inherently integrated into the substrate itself, simplifying the overall manufacturing process while maintaining enhanced safety
Solution Approach 2:
By creating a composite substrate where the ceramic layer and polymer support layer are chemically and physically integrated, the invention avoids the complexity of assembling multiple separate components. The ceramic layer can be formed directly on the support layer through coating or sintering processes, maintaining ease of manufacture while providing superior safety performance
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composite substrate effectively prevents internal short-circuits and ignition, enhancing the safety and stability of lithium batteries by rapidly absorbing heat and deploying fire-extinguishing agents when necessary.
Implementation Method 1
designed to hinder or suppress internal short-circuits and ignition by absorbing heat and releasing fire-extinguishing agents
Implementation Method 2
releasing fire-extinguishing agents
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed are composite substrates and rechargeable lithium batteries including a composite substrate. The composite substrate includes a support layer that includes an additive, a first metal layer on a top surface of the support layer, and a second metal layer on a bottom surface of the support layer. The additive includes at least one of a ceramic particle and a fire-extinguishing liquid capsule. An amount of the additive is about 1 wt % to about 20 wt % relative to a total weight of the support layer.