Composite Tire Stud Anchoring in Tread
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional tire spikes, especially those with aluminum or steel bodies, experience increased wear and fine dust formation when used with grit on winter roads, leading to reduced grip and anchoring effectiveness, and the replacement with rubber spikes while reducing weight and wear, still faces challenges in maintaining durable anchoring and ice performance.
Innovation Solution
A spike design featuring a thermoplastic or duroplastic insert for the spike pin end section and an abrasion-resistant rubber material or thermoplastic vulcanizate for the spike body, eliminating metallic components and ensuring durable anchoring and low weight, with the spike body adapting to the tread material for reduced wear and dust formation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-generated harmful factors
If spikes with rubber or plastic bodies are used to reduce wear and fine dust formation, then road wear and dust formation are reduced, but the weight reduction is insufficient and anchoring durability may be compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a composite spike body structure combining thermoplastic/duroplastic material for the base body with rubber material or thermoplastic vulcanizate for the upper spike body area. This composite approach leverages the low density and wear-adaptability of plastic materials while incorporating rubber properties for optimal performance, achieving both weight reduction and maintained anchoring durability without excessive road wear or dust formation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies different material properties to different regions of the spike body. The lower portion uses thermoplastic or duroplastic material for weight reduction and wear adaptation, while the upper portion uses rubber material or thermoplastic vulcanizate for optimal grip and anchoring. This local differentiation allows each region to perform its specific function optimally, achieving both weight reduction and maintained performance.
2Weight of moving object
If rubber material is used for the spike body to reduce weight and adapt to tread material, then weight is reduced and wear adapts to surrounding rubber matrix, but anchoring durability and ice performance may be compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines thermoplastic/duroplastic base material with rubber material or thermoplastic vulcanizate overlay in the upper spike body area. This composite structure provides both the weight reduction benefits of plastic materials and the anchoring durability and ice performance characteristics of rubber materials, resolving the contradiction between weight reduction and reliability maintenance.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes thermoplastic vulcanizate material that exhibits rubber-like properties at operating temperatures but can be processed like thermoplastics. This parameter change allows the material to provide rubber-like anchoring performance while enabling manufacturing processes that ensure durable attachment to the spike pin, thus maintaining both weight reduction and reliability.
3Reliability
If aluminum or steel spike bodies are used to ensure durable anchoring, then anchoring durability is maintained, but road wear increases and fine dust formation occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes metallic components from the spike body entirely, extracting the harmful metal-tread interaction that causes road wear and fine dust formation. The metal is retained only for the spike pin function, while the spike body is made from non-metallic materials that adapt to the rubber tread matrix, eliminating the wear and dust problems associated with metal spike bodies.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent fundamentally changes the material parameter of the spike body from metal (aluminum or steel) to non-metallic materials (thermoplastic, duroplastic, rubber material, or thermoplastic vulcanizate). This parameter change eliminates the galvanic corrosion and mechanical wear issues that occur with metal-tread contact, while maintaining anchoring durability through the elastic properties and adhesion of the non-metallic materials to the rubber tread.
Data Source
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AI summary
The invention relates to a tire stud (1, 1') for anchoring in a tire stud hole of a tread of a pneumatic vehicle tire, comprising a non-metal tire stud body (2, 2') having a base flange (4, 4') and comprising a tire stud pin (3), which is anchored in the tire stud body (2, 2') and is made of hard metal and the one end portion of which extends beyond the tire stud body (2, 2') and the second end portion of which is anchored within the tire stud body (2, 2') in a tire stud body part (8, 11b) made of a first, non-metal material. The portion of the tire stud pin (3) that extends within the tire stud body (2, 2') between the end portions of the tire stud pin (3) is held in at least one further tire stud body part (2a, 11a) made of a second, non-metal material. The first tire stud body part (8, 11b), in which the one end portion of the tire stud pin (3) is anchored, consists of a thermoplastic or thermosetting plastic or of hard rubber. The tire stud body part (2a, 11a) in which the portion of the tire stud pin (3) that extends within the tire stud body (2, 2') between the end portions is held consists of abrasion- and cutting-resistant rubber material or of a thermoplastic vulcanizate.