Composite Transport Layer for Stable Perovskite Hole Extraction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing perovskite solar cells face challenges in achieving high power conversion efficiency and good stability due to energy band mismatches and interfacial defects, particularly in the hole transport layer, leading to degradation under prolonged illumination.
Innovation Solution
A composite transport layer is introduced, comprising a transition layer and a buffer layer on the upper and lower surfaces of the hole transport layer, with a coupling agent doped into the preparation material, enhancing conductivity and stability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If inorganic oxide materials (e.g., NiOx) are used for the hole transport layer to achieve high hole mobility and power conversion efficiency, then power conversion efficiency is improved, but photo-thermal stability deteriorates due to photocatalytic reactions at the interface
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a composite hole transport layer comprising an inorganic oxide layer (NiOx) and an organic polymer layer (P3HT or PTAA). The inorganic layer provides high hole mobility and power conversion efficiency, while the organic layer provides photothermal stability and suppresses photocatalytic reactions. This composite structure resolves the contradiction by combining the advantages of both material types to achieve both high efficiency and stability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediate buffer layer between the inorganic oxide hole transport layer and the perovskite active layer. This buffer layer acts as a mediator to suppress photocatalytic reactions at the interface while maintaining hole transport functionality. The buffer layer prevents direct contact between the photocatalytically active inorganic material and the perovskite, thereby improving photo-thermal stability without sacrificing power conversion efficiency.
2Productivity
If organic polymer materials (e.g., P3HT, PTAA) are used for the hole transport layer to achieve better hole transport performance, then power conversion efficiency is improved, but photostability deteriorates due to decomposition under prolonged illumination
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a composite structure where the organic polymer layer (P3HT or PTAA) is combined with the inorganic oxide layer (NiOx). The inorganic layer provides photostability and resistance to decomposition under illumination, while the organic layer maintains good hole transport performance. This composite approach resolves the contradiction by having the inorganic component protect the organic component from photodegradation while both contribute to high power conversion efficiency.
3Reliability
If the hole transport layer is made dense to improve structural stability, then stability is improved, but hole transport performance deteriorates due to difficulty in hole transport
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a composite hole transport layer where the inorganic oxide layer (NiOx) provides structural stability and density, while the organic polymer layer (P3HT or PTAA) provides good hole transport performance. The composite structure allows the inorganic layer to form a stable, dense framework that prevents structural degradation, while the organic layer fills the structure to maintain high hole mobility and transport efficiency.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composite transport layer configuration achieves both high power conversion efficiency and long-term photo-thermal stability by retaining high defect density and mobility, while the coupling agent prevents aggregation and passivates surface defects.
Implementation Method 1
the coupling agent prevents aggregation and passivates surface defects
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed relates to a composite transport layer, a perovskite solar cell, and a method for preparation thereof. The composite transport layer comprises a transition layer, a hole transport layer, and a buffer layer sequentially stacked along a light incident direction. A preparation material of the transition layer is NixAySizSnmOn or CuxAySizSnmOn, x>0, y≥0, z≥0, m≥0, n>0, A is aluminum (Al) or boron (B), and the preparation material of the transition layer at least includes any one of A, silicon (Si), or tin (Sn); a preparation material of the hole transport layer is any one of NiOx, CuxO, or CuSCN; and a preparation material of the buffer layer is NiaEbNcOd or CuaEbNcOd, a>0, b≥0, c>0, d≥0, and E is any one of Al, B, Si, zinc (Zn), cobalt (Co), or zirconium (Zr).