Composite Wheel Hub Geometry to Prevent Shrinkage Cracks

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing composite wheels, particularly in motor vehicle steering units, face issues with premature failure due to stress cracks and unwanted noise caused by sharp edges and uneven shrinkage of the rim body during cooling, leading to reduced service life and compromised comfort and quality.

Innovation Solution

A hub body design with a convex outer circumferential surface featuring a driving toothing and a root diameter profile that minimizes sharp edges, allowing for a strong and rigid connection with the rim body, which is made of plastic, using a manufacturing process that compensates for uneven shrinkage and avoids stress concentration points.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Strength

If drive teeth are applied to the hub body using hobbing, then torque transmission between hub body and rim body is improved, but sharp edges are created leading to stress notch effects and shrinkage stress cracks during cooling

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetorque transmission capabilityVSAvoidresistance to shrinkage stress cracks
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The root of the drive teeth is designed with a rounded profile instead of sharp edges. The curvature radius at the tooth root is specifically optimized to eliminate stress concentration points while maintaining adequate torque transmission capability. This rounded geometry prevents the formation of stress notches that would otherwise lead to crack initiation during the cooling and shrinkage of the plastic rim body.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #14Spheroidality (Curvature)

2Force

If grooves are applied to the hub body for rim body engagement, then axial force transmission is improved, but uneven shrinkage during cooling causes play and noise between hub body and rim body

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaxial force transmissionVSAvoidconnection stability during load changes
Core Design Contradiction:
ForceVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The grooves are designed with specifically optimized dimensional parameters including depth, width, and most importantly, rounded edges with controlled curvature radii. These parameter optimizations ensure that the plastic material distributes evenly during cooling and shrinkage, preventing differential shrinkage that would cause play or noise. The groove dimensions are tailored to maintain adequate engagement for axial force transmission while accommodating uniform shrinkage behavior.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Ease of manufacture

If sharp edges are present on the hub body, then manufacturing of drive teeth and grooves is simplified, but stress concentration occurs during operation promoting crack formation and propagation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing simplicityVSAvoidresistance to crack formation
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

All edges and corners on the hub body surface that contact or engage with the plastic rim body are designed with rounded profiles instead of sharp edges. The curvature radii are specifically optimized to eliminate stress concentration while remaining compatible with standard manufacturing processes. This approach maintains ease of manufacture through conventional molding techniques while dramatically improving resistance to crack formation during operational loading.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #14Spheroidality (Curvature)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution enhances the durability and reliability of the composite wheel, improves manufacturing ease, and ensures a comfortable and cost-effective steering unit by reducing stress cracks and noise, thus extending the service life and maintaining quality.

Implementation Method 1

During cooling of the plastic-injected crown, the sharp edges regularly lead to shrinkage stress cracks

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal contraction: Thermal Contraction

Data Source

PatentEP4585829A1Hub body for a composite wheel, a composite wheel and a steering unit for a motor vehicle
Publication Date: 2025.07.16 IMS GEAR SE & CO KGAA
  • EP4585829A1 patent drawingFigure 1a
  • EP4585829A1 patent drawingFigure 1b
  • EP4585829A1 patent drawingFigure 2a

AI summary

Hub body (16) for a composite wheel (10), in particular a composite gearwheel (12), comprising • a rotational axis (14), • a first hub end face (20), • a second hub end face (22), • an outer circumferential surface (24) arranged along the rotational axis (14) between the first hub end face (20) and the second hub end face (22), wherein the outer circumferential surface (24) has a driving toothing (28) with at least one driving tooth (30) and a convex outer circumferential section (64), as well as a composite wheel (10), in particular a composite gearwheel (12), with such a hub body (16), as well as a steering unit for a motor vehicle with such a composite wheel.