Compound Planetary Gear Layout for High Reduction Ratios

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing planetary gear trains used in rotorcraft transmissions are heavy, require significant maintenance, and have limited reduction ratios due to the mechanical advantage being limited by the diameter of the planet gears, which increases system weight and envelope size.

Innovation Solution

A planetary gear system that eliminates the need for a carrier to interconnect planet gears, allowing for a reduced weight and lower maintenance design by using compound planet gears with multiple stages and a fixed gear to achieve higher reduction ratios without the need for large diameter planet gears, thereby allowing for more efficient torque and rotational output.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If large diameter planet gears are used to achieve high reduction ratios, then the reduction ratio increases, but the system weight and envelope size increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvereduction ratioVSAvoidsystem weight
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements nested compound planet gears where multiple gear stages are concentrically arranged around a common axis. Each planet gear assembly includes multiple gear stages with different pitch diameters that mesh with corresponding sun and ring gears, effectively nesting multiple reduction stages within a compact radial space. This allows achieving high reduction ratios without increasing the overall system envelope or weight proportionally.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent transitions from single-stage planet gears to multi-stage compound planet gears, adding a dimensional aspect to the gear arrangement. By stacking multiple gear stages concentrically along the radial dimension, the system achieves higher reduction ratios within the same footprint, effectively utilizing three-dimensional space rather than increasing radial diameter.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Productivity

If large diameter planet gears are used to achieve high reduction ratios, then the reduction ratio increases, but the system envelope size increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvereduction ratioVSAvoidsystem envelope
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSArea of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements nested compound planet gears where multiple gear stages are concentrically arranged around a common axis. Each planet gear assembly includes multiple gear stages with different pitch diameters that mesh with corresponding sun and ring gears, effectively nesting multiple reduction stages within a compact radial space. This allows achieving high reduction ratios without increasing the overall system envelope or weight proportionally.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent transitions from single-stage planet gears to multi-stage compound planet gears, adding a dimensional aspect to the gear arrangement. By stacking multiple gear stages concentrically along the radial dimension, the system achieves higher reduction ratios within the same footprint, effectively utilizing three-dimensional space rather than increasing radial diameter.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

3Power

If traditional planetary gear trains are used with carrier and bearing assemblies, then torque transmission is achieved, but maintenance requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetorque transmissionVSAvoidmaintenance requirements
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSEase of repair

Solution Approach 1:

The patent eliminates the carrier component and bearing assemblies from the traditional planetary gear train. Instead of using a carrier to hold and support the planet gears via bearings, the invention allows the planet gears to rotate freely on their axes while maintaining mesh engagement with sun and ring gears. This extraction of the carrier and bearing subsystem removes the components requiring lubrication and periodic maintenance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The planet gears in the patent are designed to self-support their rotational motion without external bearing support. The gear geometry and meshing arrangement provide inherent stability and load distribution, allowing the system to operate without periodic lubrication or maintenance of bearing assemblies.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This design achieves lighter weight, lower maintenance, and larger reduction ratios while minimizing system envelope size, enhancing the efficiency and performance of rotorcraft transmissions by distributing torque loads effectively through compound planet gears without relying on large planet gears.

Implementation Method 1

at least one compound planet gear (106) meshed between the at least one non-fixed annular gear and the at least one non-fixed sun gear

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGear meshing: Gear

Data Source

PatentEP3098477B1Planetary gear system
Publication Date: 2021.04.14 THE BOEING CO
  • EP3098477B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3098477B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3098477B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

A planetary gear system (100), comprising: a plurality of compound planet gears (106) configured to orbit around a primary rotation axis (110) and each including three gear stages; a first non-fixed annular gear (152) configured to rotate about the primary rotation axis (110) and operatively meshed with one of the three gear stages; a second non-fixed annular gear (154) configured to rotate about the primary rotation axis (110) and operatively meshed with one of the three gear stages; a fixed annular gear (132) with a central axis that is coaxial with the primary rotation axis (110) and operatively meshed with one of the three gear stages; and a non-fixed sun gear (104) configured to rotate about the primary rotation axis (110) and operatively meshed with one of the three gear stages.