Compounds, complexes, compositions, methods and systems for heating and cooling
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Solution Overview
Problem
The transition from hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) based vapor compression cooling systems to carbon dioxide (CO2) based systems is hindered by the high pressures and inefficiencies in existing systems, necessitating environmentally friendly and efficient cooling solutions.
Innovation Solution
The development of vapor compression systems utilizing a mixture of ionic liquids and CO2, which combine low global warming potential with low operating pressures, featuring a co-fluid composition that optimizes gas-to-liquid ratios and chemical interactions with CO2 for enhanced efficiency and thermal equilibrium.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If CO2 is used as refrigerant in vapor compression systems, then environmental friendliness is improved, but operating pressure increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a composite refrigerant system combining CO2 gas and ionic liquid. The ionic liquid acts as a pressure-reducing medium that allows CO2 to operate at lower pressures while maintaining its environmental benefits. This composite approach enables CO2 to function effectively without requiring the high pressure infrastructure of conventional systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the physical parameters of the CO2 refrigeration cycle by introducing ionic liquid. This alters the pressure-temperature relationship, enabling the system to operate at reduced pressures while maintaining cooling efficiency. The ionic liquid modifies the thermodynamic properties of the CO2-based refrigerant mixture.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If CO2 is used as refrigerant in existing vapor compression systems, then environmental friendliness is improved, but system efficiency deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The ionic liquid-CO2 composite refrigerant system improves energy efficiency by enabling better heat transfer characteristics. The ionic liquid component enhances the thermodynamic performance of the cycle, reducing energy losses in compression and heat exchange processes while maintaining the environmental advantages of CO2.
Solution Approach 2:
By changing the refrigerant composition to include ionic liquid, the system optimizes thermodynamic parameters such as compression work, heat transfer coefficients, and cycle efficiency. This parameter optimization reduces energy losses and improves overall system efficiency compared to conventional CO2 systems.
3Stress or pressure
If ionic liquid and CO2 mixture is used, then operating pressure is reduced, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The ionic liquid serves as an intermediary substance that facilitates low-pressure operation. It mediates between the CO2 refrigerant and the system components, enabling pressure reduction without requiring complete system redesign. The ionic liquid handles the pressure management function, simplifying the overall system architecture despite the added chemical component.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
These systems provide efficient heating and cooling by compressing and cooling the IL-CO2 mixture, lowering pressure to achieve effective cooling while maintaining low operating pressures, thus overcoming the inefficiencies and environmental concerns of traditional systems.
Implementation Method 1
compressing a mixture of an ionic liquid and CO2, cooling the mixture
Implementation Method 2
lowering the pressure of the mixture... provides cooling by compressing a mixture of an ionic liquid and CO2, cooling the mixture, lowering the pressure
Implementation Method 3
anion of the ionic liquid has a CO2 substituent bound thereto
Implementation Method 4
combine efficiency and low GWP (global warming potential) of CO2 cycles with low operating pressures of conventional cycles
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed herein are ionic liquid compounds, complexes and compositions suitable for use as refrigerants. Methods and systems for heating and/or cooling, including vapor compression heating or cooling systems, including such refrigerants are also disclosed. Preferred ionic liquids include those having anions selected from pyrrolide, pyrazolide, triazolide, imidazolide, benzimidazolide, and indolide, and cations selected from phosphonium, ammonium, pyrrolidinium, imidazolium, and pyridinium.