Compressed-Sensing Common-Spread Beam Migration for Seismic Data
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current seismic data processing methods, particularly in cross-spread land acquisition geometry, face inefficiencies and inaccuracies due to irregular data sampling and the inability to effectively handle complex geology, leading to suboptimal signal-to-noise ratios and increased computational costs.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of a common-spread beam migration method using compressed-sensing algorithms to decompose dense seismic data into sparse elements, allowing for efficient processing and improved signal-to-noise ratios, and reducing computational time by simplifying the seismic processing in the beam domain.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional seismic data processing methods are used for cross-spread land acquisition geometry, then processing can be performed with standard algorithms, but the signal-to-noise ratio is suboptimal and computational costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transforms the seismic data from common shot/offset domain to common spread domain, changing the fundamental processing parameters and organization. This reparameterization allows for more efficient beam migration by grouping traces according to their common spread characteristics rather than conventional common shot or common offset groupings, thereby improving both signal-to-noise ratio and computational efficiency
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies beam migration by dividing the seismic data into discrete beam centers and processing each beam center independently. This segmentation allows for optimized computation where each beam center processes a subset of traces, improving computational efficiency while maintaining or enhancing the signal-to-noise ratio through focused beam processing
2Quantity of substance
If dense shots and dense receivers are used in cross-spread geometry, then more data points are collected, but the number of common spreads decreases relative to common shots or common offsets
Solution Approach 1:
The patent develops a unified common spread beam migration framework that can handle cross-spread geometry efficiently. This universal approach consolidates multiple processing operations into a single coherent methodology, reducing processing complexity despite the increased quantity of data points from dense shots and receivers
3Productivity
If conventional beam migration is used with fixed parameters, then processing is straightforward, but efficiency is inversely proportional to the number of beam centers
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary organization of seismic traces into common spread gathers before beam migration. By pre-grouping traces according to their common spread characteristics and determining optimal beam centers in advance, the migration process becomes more efficient as it avoids redundant computations that would otherwise be required during the migration itself
Data Source
AI summary
A method and a system for implementing the method are disclosed wherein the seismic input data and land acquisition input data may be obtained from a non-flat surface, sometimes mild or foothill topography as well as the shot and receiver lines might not necessarily be straight, and often curve to avoid obstacles on the land surface. In particular, the method and system disclosed, decomposes the cross-spread data into sparse common spread beams, then maps those sparse beams into common-spread depth domain, in order to finally stack them to construct the subsurface depth images. The common spread beam migration and processing have higher signal to noise ratio, as well as faster turn-around processing time, for the cross-spread land acquisition over the common-shot or common offset beam migration/processing. The common spread beam migration method and system disclosed, will eventually help illuminate and interpret the hydro-carbonate targets for the seismic processing.