Compressing system, and gas compressing method
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing gas compressing systems require high power and inefficient operation due to the need for ultra-high pressure after-coolers and separate condensers, especially when compressing carbon dioxide to target pressures above the critical pressure, leading to increased energy consumption and reduced reliability.
Innovation Solution
A compressing system that includes a compression section to generate an intermediate supercritical fluid, a cooling section to cool this fluid to near critical temperature, a pumping section to further compress it to target pressure, and an optional heating section to adjust temperature, eliminating the need for high-pressure equipment and separate condensers by leveraging the refrigeration of the supercritical fluid itself.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Stress or pressure
If a compressor is used to compress carbon dioxide to ultra-high pressure in the gaseous state, then the target pressure can be achieved, but the operation efficiency and reliability fall and an ultra-high pressure after-cooler with large capacity is required
Solution Approach 1:
The compression process is divided into two distinct stages: first, a compressor compresses carbon dioxide to intermediate pressure (equal to or higher than critical pressure but lower than target pressure); second, a pump compresses the liquidified supercritical fluid to the final target pressure. This segmentation allows each device to operate in its optimal pressure range, avoiding the reliability issues of ultra-high pressure compression while achieving the desired target pressure.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the physical state parameter of carbon dioxide from gaseous to supercritical fluid state during compression. By compressing to intermediate pressure first, then cooling to liquefy the supercritical fluid, and finally pumping to target pressure, the system avoids ultra-high pressure gas compression and instead uses liquid pumping, which improves reliability and efficiency.
2Stress or pressure
If a compressor is used to compress carbon dioxide to ultra-high pressure in the gaseous state, then the target pressure can be achieved, but the power consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The compression process is divided into two distinct stages: first, a compressor compresses carbon dioxide to intermediate pressure (equal to or higher than critical pressure but lower than target pressure); second, a pump compresses the liquidified supercritical fluid to the final target pressure. This segmentation allows each device to operate in its optimal pressure range, avoiding the reliability issues of ultra-high pressure compression while achieving the desired target pressure.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the physical state parameter of carbon dioxide from gaseous to supercritical fluid state during compression. By compressing to intermediate pressure first, then cooling to liquefy the supercritical fluid, and finally pumping to target pressure, the system avoids ultra-high pressure gas compression and instead uses liquid pumping, which improves reliability and efficiency.
3Temperature
If carbon dioxide is cooled to near critical temperature at pressure lower than critical pressure to enable liquefaction, then the refrigeration amount increases greatly and temperature becomes low, requiring great power for external refrigerating cycle
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary compression to intermediate pressure (equal to or higher than critical pressure) before cooling. This preliminary compression action prepares the carbon dioxide in a supercritical state, which requires significantly less refrigeration energy for liquefaction compared to cooling at lower pressures. The cooling section then cools the intermediate supercritical fluid to near critical temperature with much lower power consumption.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration reduces power consumption, improves operational efficiency, and lowers costs by eliminating the need for high-pressure seals and after-coolers, while maintaining the required supercritical fluid state for efficient carbon dioxide storage.
Implementation Method 1
a compression section for compressing the target gas to an intermediate pressure, which is equal to or higher than the critical pressure and is lower than the target pressure, to generate an intermediate supercritical fluid
Implementation Method 2
a cooling section for cooling the intermediate supercritical fluid generated in the compression section to near the critical temperature to generate an intermediate supercritical pressure liquid
Implementation Method 3
a pumping section for compressing the intermediate supercritical pressure liquid generated in the cooling section to a pressure that is equal to or higher than the target pressure
Implementation Method 4
a heating section for heating the intermediate supercritical pressure liquid compressed in the pumping section to near the critical temperature
Implementation Method 5
The cooling section has a main cooling part that performs heat exchange with the heating section to cool the intermediate supercritical fluid
Data Source
AI summary
A compressing system includes a compression section that compresses a target gas to an intermediate pressure, which is equal to or higher than a critical pressure and lower than a target pressure to generate an intermediate supercritical fluid, a cooling section that cools the intermediate supercritical fluid generated in the compression section to near a critical temperature to generate an intermediate supercritical pressure liquid, and a pumping section that compresses the intermediate supercritical pressure liquid generated in the cooling section to a pressure that is equal to or higher than the target pressure. At least one of the intermediate supercritical pressure liquid compressed in the pumping section, a low-temperature liquid generated by extracting the intermediate supercritical pressure liquid on the upstream side of the pumping section to reduce pressure to near the critical pressure, and an external cooling medium is used as a cooling medium in the cooling section.