Compressive Sensing for Fast Fluid Sound Speed Measurement
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional Swept Frequency Acoustic Interferometry (SFAI) techniques for fluid quality assessment are slow due to the need to sweep a wide range of frequencies and are limited by settling times, and they struggle with flowing fluids, requiring faster measurement methods that reduce data volume.
Innovation Solution
A method and system utilizing compressive sensing techniques to estimate sound speed in fluids by creating a pseudo analytic signal vector from excitation and quadrature signals, applying compressive sensing to estimate a pulse-echo view, and calculating sound speed using a pre-defined formula, reducing the number of frequency samples required.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If Swept Frequency Acoustic Interferometry (SFAI) technique is used to assess fluid quality, then measurement accuracy is improved, but measurement time increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts only the essential frequency information needed for sound speed measurement using compressive sensing, rather than performing a complete frequency sweep. By selecting a sparse subset of frequency points and using optimization algorithms, the system obtains sufficient measurement data with significantly reduced measurement time while maintaining accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of performing a full frequency sweep across the entire frequency range, the patent applies partial action by measuring at selected frequency points only. The compressive sensing technique allows accurate reconstruction of the resonance spectrum from these partial measurements, achieving the required measurement precision with less time investment.
2Measurement precision
If narrowband filtering is applied to enhance signal quantity, then signal quality is improved, but measurement speed decreases due to settling time requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by performing signal processing and optimization calculations before the actual measurement is completed. The compressive sensing framework pre-defines the measurement strategy and reconstruction algorithms, allowing rapid processing of the reduced dataset without requiring extended settling times for narrowband filters.
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses periodic excitation signals at selected frequency points rather than continuous sweeping. This periodic action at discrete frequencies, combined with compressive sensing reconstruction, maintains signal quality while eliminating the continuous settling time required by traditional narrowband filtering approaches.
3Measurement precision
If wide frequency range sweeping is performed, then comprehensive fluid characterization is achieved, but data volume increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts only the critical frequency points and corresponding resonance information needed for fluid characterization using compressive sensing. By identifying and measuring only the essential spectral features rather than sweeping the entire frequency range, the system reduces data volume while preserving the completeness of fluid characterization.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs partial frequency sweeping at strategically selected frequency points rather than exhaustive coverage. The compressive sensing reconstruction algorithm processes this partial data to achieve comprehensive fluid characterization, significantly reducing the quantity of measurement data required.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables faster assessment of sound speed in fluids, significantly reducing measurement time and data volume while maintaining high resolution, suitable for applications with limited resources such as battery-powered sensors in gas and oil pipelines.
Implementation Method 1
Acoustic property like sound speed in fluid serves as a reliable marker for assessing the quality of the fluid... Acoustic interferometry (also referred as Swept Frequency Acoustic Interferometry (SFAI)) has been widely used as a major noninvasive measurement tool for characterizing fluids.
Implementation Method 2
estimating a pulse-echo view by applying a compressive sensing technique over the created pseudo analytic signal vector... calculating a sound speed in the fluid based on the determination using the pulse-echo view and a pre-defined sound speed calculation formula
Data Source
AI summary
Use of Swept Frequency Acoustic Interferometry (SFAI) is becoming ubiquitous in taking non-invasive measurements of fluid parameters like sound speed, sound attenuation and density of fluid. But measurement using SFAI is relatively slow as one needs to sweep a wide range of frequencies and for each probing frequency one needs to wait for settling time. Further, SFAI works well only on steady flow as sudden change in fluid flow destroys resonance condition, thereby making it unsuitable for flowing fluid. Present application provides method and system for faster assessment of sound speed in fluids using compressive sensing technique. The system first uses random samples in defined frequency scanning range of frequency sweep signal for generating pseudo analytic signal vector. The system then estimates pulse-echo view by applying compressive sensing technique over pseudo analytic signal vector. Thereafter, system calculates sound speed in fluid using pulse-echo view and pre-defined sound speed calculation formula.