Compressive Sensing for IC Anomaly Detection
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional methods for detecting hardware Trojans in integrated circuits are time-consuming, expensive, and often require costly, potentially destructive physical inspections or analysis of power leakage, which can be unreliable due to variability in measurements.
Innovation Solution
A system and method using compressive sensing techniques to encode power leakage measurements from integrated circuits, reducing the data output and allowing for efficient detection of anomalies, such as hardware Trojans, by applying random linear combinations of inputs and decoding these measurements to determine the presence and location of anomalies.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional power leakage measurement methods are used to detect hardware Trojans, then anomaly detection capability is provided, but measurement time and cost increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies partial action by measuring power leakage at selectively chosen input states rather than exhaustively testing all possible input combinations. The system identifies a subset of critical input states that provide sufficient information for Trojan detection, thereby reducing measurement time while maintaining detection reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the measurement process into two phases: first obtaining power leakage measurements at multiple input states, then encoding these measurements using compressive sensing to produce a reduced set of encoded measurements. This segmentation allows efficient processing and reduces the total number of measurements required.
2Measurement precision
If exhaustive power leakage measurements are taken to ensure accurate Trojan detection, then measurement accuracy is improved, but data output volume increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple power leakage measurements into a compact encoded representation using compressive sensing. By computing random linear combinations of the original measurements, the system produces fewer encoded measurements that collectively retain the essential information needed for accurate Trojan detection, thus reducing data output volume while preserving detection accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transforms the measurement data from the original domain to an encoded domain through compressive sensing. This parameter transformation reduces the dimensionality of the data while maintaining the signal-to-noise ratio necessary for accurate anomaly detection, effectively compressing the information without losing critical detection capabilities.
3Reliability
If physical inspection methods are used to detect hardware Trojans, then detection capability is provided, but cost and destructiveness increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces physical inspection methods with electrical measurement-based detection. Instead of using expensive, potentially destructive physical inspection equipment, the system uses power leakage measurements combined with compressive sensing to detect hardware Trojans, thereby reducing both cost and destructiveness while maintaining detection capability.
Data Source
AI summary
Circuitry, systems and methods for testing integrated circuits for the presence of anomalies. Techniques include applying a plurality of inputs to an integrated circuit under test to obtain a first plurality of measurements at least partially characterizing power leakage in the integrated circuit under test, encode the first plurality of measurements, by computing a plurality of random linear combinations of measurements in the first plurality of measurements, to obtain a second plurality of encoded measurements determining whether the integrated circuit under test contains at least one anomaly based, at least in part, on the second plurality of encoded measurements.