Compressor Annular Channel Cooling for Surge and Heat
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Solution Overview
Problem
Compressors for internal combustion engines face issues with noise generation due to surge limit conditions and high outlet temperatures, which lead to oil cracking and clogging, especially at small volume flows and high pressure ratios.
Innovation Solution
The design incorporates an annular channel with an inlet and outlet surface that widens the compressor's characteristic map, counteracting backflow and noise, and a cooling medium passage to reduce temperature and prevent oil cracking, featuring an annular space surrounding the diffuser channel and a tubular housing with inclined inflow and outflow channels to stabilize the map and enhance cooling.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If the compressor operates at small volume flows and high pressure ratios, then the power output is increased, but flow separation occurs and noise is generated
Solution Approach 1:
The inlet channel is segmented into a main flow path and a bypass path through the annular channel. This segmentation allows part of the flow to bypass the surge-prone region, stabilizing the compressor operation at high pressure ratios while maintaining power output.
Solution Approach 2:
The annular channel acts as an intermediary flow path between the inlet and diffuser. It provides a bypass route that prevents flow separation at the compressor inlet, thereby eliminating noise while allowing the compressor to operate at high power output conditions.
2Power
If the compressor outlet temperature is high, then the power output is increased, but oil cracking and clogging occur
Solution Approach 1:
The cooling medium in the annular space acts as an intermediary heat transfer medium. It absorbs excess heat from the compressor outlet area, preventing oil cracking while maintaining the power output benefits of high-temperature operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The cooling medium changes the thermal parameters in the diffuser region by absorbing heat. This parameter change prevents oil degradation while allowing the compressor to operate at high power output conditions without reliability issues.
3Adaptability or versatility
If the characteristic map is widened to prevent surge, then the operating range is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The annular channel serves multiple functions: it widens the characteristic map, prevents surge, reduces noise, and provides a path for cooling medium circulation. This multi-functionality achieves operating range expansion without proportionally increasing device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The annular channel is nested within the existing compressor structure, surrounding the inlet channel. This nesting approach allows characteristic map widening while minimizing additional structural complexity by utilizing the existing spatial arrangement.
4Reliability
If cooling medium passage is added to reduce temperature, then oil stability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The annular space serves dual purposes: it is both the map-stabilizing bypass channel and the cooling medium passage. This multi-functionality achieves oil stability improvement without adding separate cooling system complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The cooling function is merged with the map-stabilizing annular channel. By combining these two functions into a single structural element, oil stability is improved while minimizing the increase in device complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution increases compressor throughput, reduces noise, and lowers outlet temperatures, preventing oil cracking and clogging, thus enhancing performance and acoustic quality without significant losses.
Implementation Method 1
The compressor housing (2) has a space (12) for the passage of cooling medium
Implementation Method 2
a cooling medium passing through the space in the compressor housing
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
AI summary
Proposed is a compressor for the supercharging of an internal combustion engine, having a compressor housing (2) which has a diffuser duct (10) and a diffuser (11), and also having a compressor wheel (8) which is rotatably mounted in an inlet duct (5) of the compressor housing (2) and having an inlet surface (6), which is arranged upstream of the diffuser duct (10), to an annular duct (9) which is arranged substantially concentrically with respect to the inlet duct (5), and having an outlet surface (7) which is arranged upstream of the annular duct (9), wherein the compressor housing (2) has a space (12) for the passage of cooling medium.