Single-Stage Compressor Bleed System Thrust Load Alleviation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional compressors are often bulky, complex, and have limited load-bearing capacity, with bearings that can contaminate the system, making them unsuitable for compact and efficient applications.

Innovation Solution

A single-stage compressor with a bleed air system that includes a turbine-less rotating group driven by an electric motor, utilizing air bearings and a bleed passage defined by the compressor wheel and housing to alleviate thrust loading, allowing for compact and efficient operation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Volume of moving object

If conventional compressors are used, then they can provide compression function, but they are bulky and complex

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecompressor sizeVSAvoidcompressor structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts and eliminates the turbine component from the conventional two-stage compressor system, creating a turbine-less single-stage compressor. This removal of the turbine simplifies the overall structure and reduces the volume of the moving object while maintaining compression functionality through a single compressor wheel driven directly by an electric motor

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent segments the compressor into distinct functional components: a stationary housing with compressor flow path, a rotating group containing the compressor wheel, and a bleed system with separate bleed passage. This segmentation allows for optimized design of each component, reducing overall complexity while maintaining effective compression

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Reliability

If conventional bearings are used, then they can support rotation, but they are a source of contamination

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebearing contaminationVSAvoidbearing system
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a bleed system that uses pneumatic principles to address bearing contamination. Bleed air is directed through a bleed passage that cooperatively defines the back face of the compressor wheel and an opposing surface of the housing, creating a controlled airflow that prevents contamination while supporting the bearing system

Inventive Principle:
Principle #29Pneumatics and hydraulics

Solution Approach 2:

The bleed air acts as an intermediary substance between the compressor wheel and the bearing system. The controlled airflow through the bleed passage serves as a mediator that protects the bearing from contamination while maintaining rotation support, eliminating the need for complex sealed bearing systems

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Volume of moving object

If single-stage design is used, then compactness is achieved, but load bearing capacity is limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecompressor sizeVSAvoidthrust load
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSForce

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs pneumatic thrust balancing through the bleed system. Bleed air is directed through passages that create counteracting pressure forces on the compressor wheel, balancing the thrust loads generated during compression. This allows the single-stage compact design to handle higher loads without requiring larger structural components

Inventive Principle:
Principle #29Pneumatics and hydraulics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the pressure parameters within the compressor by introducing bleed air at specific locations and controlling its flow through the bleed passage. This pressure management creates thrust load alleviation that enables the compact single-stage design to achieve higher load bearing capacity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The compressor achieves balanced and efficient rotation with reduced thrust loads, enabling cost-effective and long-lasting operation without compromising performance, and allows for a simpler bearing design that reduces contamination risks.

Implementation Method 1

The bleed system is configured to pass bleed air from the bleed passage, thereby alleviating thrust loading of the compressor wheel on the rotating group

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThrust load alleviation: Pressure Gradient

Implementation Method 2

an air bearing that supports rotation of the rotating group within the housing

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAir bearing: Air Lubrication

Data Source

PatentEP3736448B1Single-stage compressor with bleed system for thrust load alleviation
Publication Date: 2023.01.11 GARRETT TRANSPORTATION I INC
  • EP3736448B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3736448B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3736448B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A single-stage compressor device includes a housing and a rotating group with a shaft and a compressor wheel. The compressor wheel includes a front face and a back face. The front face cooperates with the housing to define a compressor flow path. A motor drives rotation of the rotating group within the housing. Furthermore, the compressor device includes a bleed system fluidly connected to the compressor flow path and configured to receive bleed fluid from the compressor flow path. The bleed system includes a bleed passage. At least a portion of the bleed passage is cooperatively defined by the back face of the compressor wheel and an opposing surface of the housing. The bleed system is configured to pass bleed air from the bleed passage, thereby alleviating thrust loading of the compressor wheel on the rotating group.