Compressor Crankcase Heater Control Using Temperature and Time Data

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Solution Overview

Problem

Compressor crankcase heaters in heat pump systems often operate inefficiently, consuming excessive energy by running continuously and using constant power levels, which is not optimized for ambient and compressor temperatures, leading to issues like 'cold starting' and 'liquid flood-back', and regulatory requirements demand reduced average power consumption.

Innovation Solution

A crankcase heating control system that includes a data receiving module and a power control module, which selectively applies power to the heater based on the compressor temperature, ambient temperature, current date, and time, allowing for efficient on/off operation to minimize energy consumption and prevent damage from cold lubricants and liquid migration.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If the crankcase heater runs continuously at constant power, then the lubricant temperature is maintained, but excessive energy is consumed

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecompressor operation reliabilityVSAvoidheater energy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The heater control system dynamically adjusts the heater operation based on real-time compressor temperature, ambient temperature, and predicted run cycles. The controller monitors compressor off-time duration and temperature differentials to determine whether heating is necessary, transitioning from static continuous operation to dynamic conditional operation that adapts to changing system conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes the operational parameters of the heater based on temperature conditions. When the compressor has been off for extended periods and temperature differentials indicate potential cold start conditions, the heater is activated. When temperatures are already favorable or the compressor is scheduled to run soon, heating is disabled, effectively changing the heater's power state parameter based on thermal conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If the heater is activated frequently, then cold starting and liquid flood-back are prevented, but energy consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecompressor startup reliabilityVSAvoidheater power consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The control system implements feedback by continuously monitoring compressor temperature, ambient temperature, and operational status. The controller uses this feedback to predict whether the compressor will experience cold start conditions or liquid flood-back, and only activates the heater when the feedback indicates actual risk of these problems, rather than operating preventively in all conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The system takes preliminary action by activating the heater only when predictive algorithms indicate that cold start conditions or liquid migration are likely to occur. The controller analyzes the compressor off-time duration and temperature differentials to determine if heating should be initiated before the compressor starts, avoiding unnecessary preliminary heating when conditions are already favorable.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution enhances the efficiency of crankcase heating by optimizing power usage according to environmental and operational conditions, reducing energy consumption and preventing compressor damage, thus improving the overall performance and reliability of heat pump systems.

Implementation Method 1

a heater of a crankcase of the compressor

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Data Source

PatentEP2923087B1Compressor crankcase heating control systems and methods
Publication Date: 2021.12.29 EMERSON CLIMATE TECHNOLOGIES INC
  • EP2923087B1 patent drawingFigure 1A
  • EP2923087B1 patent drawingFigure 1B
  • EP2923087B1 patent drawingFigure 2

AI summary

A crankcase heating control system for a heat pump system includes a data receiving module and a power control module. The data receiving module receives data indicative of a temperature of a compressor of the heat pump system, data indicative of an ambient temperature, and data indicative of a current date and a current time. The power control module selectively applies power to a heater of a crankcase of the compressor and selectively disables the heater based on the temperature of the compressor, the ambient temperature, the current date, and the current time.