Centrifugal Compressor Diffuser Extraction Hole Design
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Solution Overview
Problem
Centrifugal compressors face issues with foreign matter contamination in extracted compressed gas, which can damage components and affect performance.
Innovation Solution
The centrifugal compressor design includes an extraction hole in the diffuser wall portion that connects to a space inside the housing, allowing compressed gas to be extracted while preventing foreign matter from being reintroduced, and incorporates a cooling mechanism to cool the gas bearing structure using the extracted gas, reducing foreign matter contamination and enhancing self-cooling capabilities.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If an opening or hole is provided in the housing to extract compressed gas, then the compressed gas can be utilized for other purposes, but foreign matter may be mixed in the extracted gas and have an adverse effect on compressor components
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts only the clean compressed gas from the diffuser through extraction holes, separating it from the contaminated gas stream. The extraction holes are positioned to tap gas before it reaches regions where foreign matter accumulates, thereby utilizing compressed gas for external purposes while preventing foreign matter contamination.
Solution Approach 2:
The diffuser acts as an intermediary structure that guides the compressed gas flow. By strategically positioning extraction holes in the diffuser wall, the system mediates between the compressed gas source and the external utilization point, ensuring that only clean gas is extracted while foreign matter remains in the main flow path.
2Temperature
If a circulation flow path is formed to return gas from downstream to upstream region of the diffuser, then the gas can be cooled, but the complexity of the system increases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention merges the cooling function with the existing diffuser structure by forming the circulation flow path within the diffuser itself. The cooling means is integrated into the diffuser's wall structure, combining the diffuser's flow guidance function with the cooling function, thereby reducing system complexity while achieving gas cooling.
Solution Approach 2:
The diffuser structure serves itself by incorporating the cooling flow path directly into its wall. The circulation flow path utilizes the diffuser's own structure to guide the cooling gas, eliminating the need for separate cooling channels or external cooling systems, thereby reducing overall system complexity.
3Temperature
If part of the air flow is guided to cool the downstream side surface of the impeller, then the impeller is cooled, but the amount of gas available for extraction is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The invention segments the gas flow paths by creating separate extraction holes in the diffuser wall. This segmentation allows one portion of the compressed gas to be extracted for external use while another portion continues through the diffuser to cool the impeller, thereby maintaining both cooling functionality and gas extraction capability without compromising the quantity of extractable gas.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention applies local quality by positioning extraction holes at specific locations in the diffuser where clean gas concentration is highest. This localized extraction strategy ensures that cooling gas is drawn from regions with minimal foreign matter contamination, maintaining both impeller cooling effectiveness and high-quality gas extraction.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration effectively minimizes foreign matter contamination in extracted gas and provides a self-cooling mechanism for the gas bearing structure, enhancing the compressor's reliability and performance.
Implementation Method 1
a diffuser which is formed between the first wall surface and the second wall surface in a periphery of the compressor impeller
Implementation Method 2
a wall portion which includes the second wall surface, separates the diffuser from a space inside the housing in which the rotation shaft extends. The wall portion is provided with at least one extraction hole which extracts a gas from the diffuser
Implementation Method 3
the fluid flowing in the circulation flow path is cooled by a cooling means
Data Source
AI summary
A centrifugal compressor includes a rotation shaft, a compressor impeller attached to one end of the rotation shaft, and a first wall surface and a second wall surface formed inside a housing so as to face each other in an axial direction. A diffuser is formed between the first wall surface and the second wall surface in the axial direction, and a wall portion separates the diffuser from an axial space inside the housing in which the rotation shaft extends. The wall portion includes at least one extraction hole that fluidly couples the diffuser to the axial spate and that is configured to extract a gas from the diffuser.