Compressor with flooded start control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Compressors in refrigeration systems face operational issues due to flooding with liquid refrigerant, which dissolves lubricant, leading to mechanical damage and reduced reliability, as the compressor may start up without sufficient lubrication, causing premature wear and malfunction.

Innovation Solution

A system and method involving a duct assembly with a sensor unit and control module that heats and evaporates refrigerant from the lubricant sump, determining the presence of liquid refrigerant through temperature measurements, and controlling the compressor startup to prevent damage by ensuring adequate lubrication.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If the compressor is allowed to start up immediately after being off, then the productivity and responsiveness of the system is improved, but the compressor may be flooded with liquid refrigerant causing mechanical damage and reducing reliability

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecompressor startup responsivenessVSAvoidcompressor operational reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary heating of the crankcase and detection of liquid refrigerant presence before allowing compressor startup. The crankcase heater is activated during off-periods to prevent refrigerant migration, and the control module checks temperature and liquid presence conditions before permitting startup, ensuring the compressor is ready without flooding

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The control module continuously monitors crankcase temperature, liquid refrigerant presence in the sump, and compressor operational status. Based on this feedback, it dynamically controls the crankcase heater activation and determines appropriate startup timing, adjusting the system behavior based on real-time conditions to prevent flooding while maintaining productivity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Productivity

If the compressor operates in a flooded state, then the system can quickly pump out liquid refrigerant, but the lubricant dissolves in the liquid refrigerant causing mechanical damage and premature wear

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveliquid refrigerant removal speedVSAvoidmechanical damage to compressor parts
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The system uses the presence of liquid refrigerant in the sump as a detectable condition to trigger protective actions. By detecting liquid refrigerant through temperature sensors and controlling heater activation, the system converts the potentially harmful flooded state into a monitored condition that triggers preventive startup delays and controlled refrigerant removal processes

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

Solution Approach 2:

The control module performs preliminary assessment of the flooded condition by monitoring liquid refrigerant presence in the sump before startup. It calculates required heater activation duration based on detected liquid levels and temperature conditions, preparing the system in advance to prevent mechanical damage while managing refrigerant removal

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Reliability

If the compressor is prevented from starting until liquid refrigerant is evaporated, then the lubrication reliability is improved, but the startup time and system productivity are reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelubrication reliabilityVSAvoidcompressor startup delay
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The system applies partial heating action by activating the crankcase heater for calculated durations based on detected liquid refrigerant levels rather than continuous heating. The control module determines the minimum necessary heating time to achieve adequate lubrication conditions, avoiding excessive delay while ensuring reliability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Solution Approach 2:

The control module dynamically adjusts heating parameters (duration, intensity) and startup timing based on real-time temperature and liquid presence conditions. By changing these parameters adaptively rather than using fixed delays, the system optimizes the balance between ensuring proper lubrication and minimizing startup time

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Prevents mechanical damage by ensuring the compressor starts with sufficient lubrication, enhancing its reliability and extending its useful life by maintaining proper lubrication levels.

Implementation Method 1

In response to receiving a heat signal, the sensor unit is configured to heat and evaporate the refrigerant located within the duct frame of the duct assembly

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Implementation Method 2

heat and evaporate the refrigerant located within the duct frame of the duct assembly

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEvaporation: Evaporation

Data Source

PatentEP3622230B1Compressor with flooded start control
Publication Date: 2023.07.19 EMERSON CLIMATE TECHNOLOGIES INC
  • EP3622230B1 patent drawingFigure 1A
  • EP3622230B1 patent drawingFigure 1B
  • EP3622230B1 patent drawingFigure 2A

AI summary

Systems and methods are provided and include a compressor for a refrigeration system and a duct assembly that includes a duct frame and a sensor unit. The duct frame provides a path for evaporating refrigerant from a lubricant sump of the compressor. The sensor unit obtains temperature measurements of the refrigerant and a lubricant within the lubricant sump and heats and evaporates the refrigerant located within the duct frame of the duct assembly. A control module receives temperature measurements from the sensor unit, determines a presence of liquid refrigerant within the lubricant sump of the compressor in response to a determination that an actual temperature change does not correspond with an expected temperature change for the lubricant, and in response to a determination that the actual temperature change corresponds with the expected temperature change for the lubricant, operates the compressor.