Centrifugal Compressor Axial Gap Adjustment Mechanism
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Solution Overview
Problem
Radial compressors in exhaust gas turbochargers face performance reduction due to excessively wide gaps between the compressor wheel and housing, leading to frictional forces and reduced conveying capacity, which existing technologies fail to effectively address.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of an axially displaceable housing insert, a rotary disk, and a piston system that allows for adjustable gap width between the compressor wheel and housing, enabling manual and automatic adjustment of the gap, along with a spring for damping and force scaling, and latching means for reliable positioning, to optimize compressor efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the gap between the compressor wheel and compressor housing is made wide to ensure friction-free rotation, then reliability is improved, but productivity deteriorates due to reduced conveying capacity
Solution Approach 1:
The housing insert is made axially displaceable, allowing the gap width between the compressor wheel and housing to be dynamically adjusted based on operating conditions. This enables optimization between friction-free operation and conveying capacity by adapting the gap width to different operational requirements.
Solution Approach 2:
The gap width parameter is made variable through the displaceable housing insert mechanism. By changing the gap width parameter, the system can optimize performance across different operating states, preventing both excessive friction and excessive leakage.
2Productivity
If the gap between the compressor wheel and compressor housing is reduced to improve conveying capacity, then productivity is improved, but reliability deteriorates due to increased frictional forces
Solution Approach 1:
The adjustable gap mechanism allows the system to dynamically reduce the gap width when high conveying capacity is needed, while maintaining reliability by preventing excessive friction through controlled adjustment limits and appropriate gap selection.
Solution Approach 2:
The gap width parameter is optimized for different operating conditions. By changing this parameter, the system achieves improved conveying capacity while maintaining reliability through controlled parameter selection.
3Ease of manufacture
If the gap width is fixed during manufacturing to simplify production, then ease of manufacture is improved, but adaptability deteriorates due to inability to compensate for manufacturing tolerances
Solution Approach 1:
The housing is segmented into a fixed outer housing and a displaceable inner housing insert. This segmentation allows the insert to be adjusted independently to compensate for manufacturing tolerances, while the overall structure remains relatively simple to manufacture.
Solution Approach 2:
The housing insert is pre-configured with adjustment capability built into the manufacturing process. This preliminary action of creating an adjustable structure allows subsequent field adjustment to compensate for tolerances without requiring complex rework.
4Adaptability or versatility
If an adjustment mechanism is added to make the housing insert displaceable, then adaptability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The housing insert is designed to be axially displaceable through a relatively simple mechanism, adding dynamic adjustment capability without creating excessive complexity. The displacement mechanism allows gap adjustment while maintaining structural simplicity.
Solution Approach 2:
The displaceable housing insert serves multiple functions: adjusting the gap width, compensating for manufacturing tolerances, and adapting to different operating conditions. This multi-functionality justifies the added complexity by providing comprehensive adaptability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution allows for optimal gap adjustment, compensating for manufacturing tolerances and improving compressor efficiency while maintaining production costs, ensuring friction-free operation and enhanced performance by adapting to varying operating states.
Implementation Method 1
a spring, which is arranged between the piston and the housing insert in order to press the piston against the rotary disk
Implementation Method 2
the spring also represents a damping means, which dampens vibrations that occur during compressor operation
Implementation Method 3
the rotary disc transmits a force to the housing insert via the piston
Implementation Method 4
a radial compressor for an exhaust gas turbocharger... a compressor wheel, by means of which the respective gas can be conveyed and compressed
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3a~3b
AI summary
The invention provides a radial compressor for an exhaust gas turbocharger, in particular for an internal combustion engine, as well as an exhaust gas turbocharger with such a radial compressor. The invention further relates to a method for operating such a radial compressor.The radial compressor for an exhaust gas turbocharger comprises the following: a housing with an axial inlet channel and a radial outlet channel, which at least partially surrounds a compressor chamber, wherein a recess is provided in the housing on the inlet channel side, a compressor wheel arranged in the compressor chamber for conveying and compressing a gas from the inlet channel to the outlet channel, means for adapting the inner housing contour, comprising: an axially displaceable housing insert, which is arranged in the compressor chamber in an area between the housing and the compressor wheel, a rotary disk, which is rotatably mounted around the inlet channel by means of a pin engaging in the recess, a piston, which is arranged between the rotary disk and the housing insert.