Radial Compressor Iris Diaphragm for Surge-Stable Airflow
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional radial compressors for supercharging devices face challenges in achieving a wide characteristic map with minimal moment of inertia and maximum efficiency while maintaining stable operation, especially during transient conditions such as rapid load dumps, which is difficult to achieve with existing designs that often require complex adjustable mechanisms or passive solutions.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of an iris diaphragm mechanism with rotatable lamellae in the air supply channel upstream of the compressor impeller, allowing for variable adjustment of the flow cross-section, which acts as a mask to control air mass flow and prevent compressor surge, thereby shifting the characteristic map and maintaining stability during engine load changes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If conventional radial compressor designs are used, then the structure is simple, but the characteristic map range is limited and stability during transient conditions cannot be maintained
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies the dynamics principle by implementing an adjustable inlet cross-section mechanism that can dynamically change the flow area at the compressor inlet. This allows the characteristic map to be shifted and adapted to different operating conditions, expanding the usable range while maintaining stability during transient conditions such as rapid load dumps. The adjustable geometry transforms a static design into a dynamic system that can respond to varying engine demands.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs parameter changes by modifying the inlet cross-sectional area as a key geometric parameter. By adjusting this parameter, the compressor's performance characteristics are changed, allowing extension of the stable operating range. This parameter adjustment enables the compressor to maintain stability across a broader spectrum of operating conditions without requiring a complete redesign of the compressor architecture.
2Adaptability or versatility
If adjustable mechanisms are added to expand characteristic map range, then adaptability improves, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies the extraction principle by isolating the inlet cross-section adjustment function as a separate, dedicated mechanism. Rather than integrating multiple functions into a complex system, the invention extracts the specific function of inlet area control and implements it through a focused adjustable geometry mechanism. This approach achieves characteristic map expansion while keeping the adjustment mechanism relatively simple and modular.
3Reliability
If passive solutions are used to maintain stability, then reliability improves, but adaptability to different operating conditions deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent resolves this contradiction by implementing a dynamic adjustment capability that allows the compressor to actively adapt to different operating conditions while maintaining stability. The adjustable inlet cross-section mechanism enables the system to respond to load changes by modifying the flow area, thereby maintaining stable operation across varying conditions rather than relying on passive solutions that only work for fixed operating points.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution enables reliable operation over an expanded characteristic map range with reduced losses, improving power characteristics and efficiency of the internal combustion engine while being cost-effective and simple in design.
Implementation Method 1
an iris diaphragm mechanism with rotatable lamellae in the air supply channel upstream of the compressor impeller, allowing for variable adjustment of the flow cross-section
Implementation Method 2
air is drawn in axially through the air supply channel and is accelerated to high speeds in the compressor impeller
Implementation Method 3
The air exits the compressor impeller in a radial or predominantly radial direction through the diffuser, is slowed in the diffuser, as a result of which pressure and temperature increase
Implementation Method 4
The air exits the compressor impeller in a radial or predominantly radial direction through the diffuser, is slowed in the diffuser, as a result of which pressure and temperature increase
Implementation Method 5
is slowed in the diffuser, as a result of which pressure and temperature increase
Data Source
AI summary
A radial compressor has an iris diaphragm mechanism for a pressure-charging device of an internal combustion engine. The radial compressor has a bearing assembly, in which a rotor shaft is rotatably mounted, having a compressor impeller arranged in a compressor housing for conjoint rotation on the rotor shaft and having a fresh air supply channel for carrying a fresh air mass flow to the compressor impeller. The iris diaphragm mechanism is upstream of the compressor impeller, allowing variable adjustment of a flow cross section for the fresh air mass flow for admission to the compressor impeller, at least over a partial region. For this purpose, the iris diaphragm mechanism has multiple lamellae which each have a plate style lamella main body and a pin style actuating element as integral constituent parts of the respective lamella.