Centrifugal Compressor Shield Part Insulating Space
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Solution Overview
Problem
Centrifugal compressors for cryogenic fluids face issues with casing head deformation due to temperature changes, leading to seal device and bearing failure.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating a diaphragm and shield parts with insulating spaces to prevent heat transfer from the fluid to the casing head, along with a temperature regulator to manage thermal deformation, and using insulators and seal devices to enhance sealing and rigidity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If the suction port is opened to allow fluid intake, then the compressor can perform its compression function, but heat from the fluid transfers to the casing head causing thermal deformation
Solution Approach 1:
A shield part is introduced as an intermediary component between the suction port and the casing head. This shield part defines the suction flow passage and creates an insulating space that prevents direct heat transfer from the fluid to the casing head, while still allowing the fluid to be suctioned for compression
Solution Approach 2:
The harmful thermal effect is extracted and isolated from the casing head by creating a separate insulating space between the shield part and the casing head. This separates the fluid flow path from the structural component, preventing heat transfer while maintaining compression functionality
2Device complexity
If the casing head is positioned close to the suction port for compact design, then device complexity is reduced, but thermal deformation of the casing head increases
Solution Approach 1:
The shield part serves as a mediator that allows the casing head to be positioned closer to the suction port without direct thermal contact. The insulating space created by the shield part maintains thermal isolation while enabling a more compact overall structure
Solution Approach 2:
The space around the suction port is segmented into a fluid flow region (inside the shield part) and a structural support region (casing head), separated by the insulating space. This segmentation allows compact positioning while maintaining thermal reliability
3Stability of the object's composition
If the shield part is fixed rigidly at both ends, then structural stability is improved, but thermal stress causes deformation and potential failure
Solution Approach 1:
The shield part is designed with dynamic characteristics - fixed at the outer end for stability but with a clearance at the inner end that allows thermal expansion and stress relief. This semi-fixed configuration maintains stability while accommodating thermal effects
Solution Approach 2:
Different fixing conditions are applied to different parts of the shield part: the outer end is fixed to the casing head for structural stability, while the inner end maintains a clearance to allow thermal movement. This local differentiation of fixing quality balances stability with stress relief
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Prevents deformation of the casing head, thereby inhibiting failures in the seal and bearing devices, ensuring reliable operation by reducing heat transfer and allowing for thermal management.
Implementation Method 1
a shield part fixed to a first side of the first casing head in the axial direction, and configured to define a suction flow passage for introducing fluid into the impeller along with the diaphragm and to define an insulating space between the shield part and the first casing head
Implementation Method 2
centrifugal compressors pass a fluid such as air or gas in a radial direction of a rotating impeller, and compress the fluid using a centrifugal force generated at that time
Data Source
AI summary
A centrifugal compressor includes a rotor including: a shaft that extends along an axis and an impeller that is fixed to an outer surface of the shaft and feeds a fluid that flows into a first side in an axial direction to an outer side in a radial direction of the axis under pressure; a diaphragm that surrounds the impeller from an outer circumference side; a first casing head disposed at a second side of the diaphragm in the axial direction at an interval; a seal device disposed between the first casing head and the shaft; and a bearing device disposed at the second side in the axial direction with respect to the seal device and disposed between the first casing head and the shaft.