Compressor Surge and Choking Control via Movable Sleeve
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Solution Overview
Problem
Compressors in turbochargers and superchargers face operational instability due to surge and choking issues, which are exacerbated by varying vehicle driving states, leading to reduced performance and stability.
Innovation Solution
A compressor design featuring a compressor wheel with sequentially formed surge and choking slits, a movable sleeve with guide slits, and adjustable vanes that change gas flow direction to prevent surge and choking by linearly displacing the sleeve, thereby expanding the effective operating region.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If the compressor operates in surge or choking regions, then the compressor can handle varying flow rates, but operational stability deteriorates due to surge and choking phenomena
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs adjustable guide vanes that can dynamically change their angle relative to the gas flow direction. This dynamic adjustment allows the compressor to adapt to varying flow rates while maintaining stable operation by optimizing the flow angle at the compressor wheel inlet, thereby preventing surge and choking phenomena across different operating conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the flow parameters by adjusting the guide vane angle to control the direction and angle of gas entering the compressor wheel. This parameter change optimizes the inlet flow conditions to avoid surge and choking regions, enabling the compressor to maintain stability while handling varying flow rates.
2Device complexity
If fixed guide vanes are used, then the structure is simple, but the compressor cannot adapt to varying driving states, leading to reduced performance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from fixed to movable guide vanes that can adjust their position. The guide vanes are connected to adjustment mechanisms that allow them to change angle in response to varying driving states, providing adaptability while maintaining reasonable structural complexity through the use of linkage mechanisms.
Solution Approach 2:
The adjustable guide vane system serves multiple functions: it optimizes flow direction for different operating conditions, prevents surge and choking, and adapts to varying vehicle driving states. This multi-functionality justifies the increased structural complexity by providing comprehensive adaptability across all operating scenarios.
3Ease of operation
If the sleeve moves axially to adjust vanes, then gas flow direction is optimized, but the mechanism complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the sleeve axial movement mechanism with the guide vane adjustment system. The sleeve's axial displacement directly drives the guide vanes to rotate or adjust their angle, merging the linear movement function with the rotational adjustment function into a single integrated mechanism, thereby reducing overall complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The sleeve acts as an intermediary component that translates axial movement into guide vane angle adjustment. This intermediary mechanism provides a simple mechanical linkage that converts linear displacement into rotational motion of the guide vanes, optimizing flow direction control while maintaining mechanism simplicity through direct mechanical coupling.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design effectively suppresses surge and choking, enhancing operational stability and output performance by optimizing gas flow through the compressor, even under varying driving conditions.
Implementation Method 1
a movable sleeve with guide slits, and adjustable vanes that change gas flow direction to prevent surge and choking by linearly displacing the sleeve
Implementation Method 2
a plurality of vanes provided at a position between an external circumferential surface of the sleeve and the compressor housing, and configured to change a direction of gas flowing through the surge slit or the choking slit in response to linear displacement of the sleeve
Implementation Method 3
a compressor for compressing air
Implementation Method 4
Referring to the performance curve of a centrifugal compressor
Data Source
AI summary
A compressor may include a compressor housing integrally provided with a compressor wheel inlet having a surge slit and a choking slit that are sequentially formed along an axial direction of a compressor wheel; a sleeve provided to surround an outer surface of the compressor wheel inlet at an end portion thereof, and linearly moving along the axial direction of the compressor wheel while guiding gas flowing into the compressor wheel; a guide slit provided on the sleeve, and communicating with one of the surge slit and the choking slit in accordance with axial linear movement of the sleeve; and a plurality of vanes provided at a position between an outer circumferential surface of the sleeve and the compressor housing, and configured to change a direction of gas flowing through the surge slit or the choking slit in response to linear displacement of the sleeve.