Concentric Combustion Apparatus Flame Stability

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing combustion apparatuses face challenges in achieving stable flame mixing and efficient fluid flow, leading to reduced burner loads and increased flashback risks due to limitations in fluid mixing and velocity gradients.

Innovation Solution

The design incorporates a center member with a hemispherical tip and concentric outer members to create channels that utilize the Coanda effect, enhance turbulent flow, and adjust channel widths to optimize fluid mixing and flame stability, while incorporating features like swirling vanes and spark plugs to improve combustion efficiency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Stability of the object's composition

If conventional combustion apparatuses are used, then simple structure is maintained, but flame stability and mixing efficiency are reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveflame stabilityVSAvoidapparatus structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The combustion apparatus employs nested concentric members (center member, first outer member, second outer member) with channels defined between them. Fluid flows through multiple concentric channels, creating staged mixing zones that enhance flame stability while maintaining a compact nested structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

Solution Approach 2:

The center member features a hemispherical tip that utilizes the Coanda effect to attach and guide fluid flow along curved surfaces. This curvature enhances mixing efficiency and flame stability by creating controlled flow attachment and separation patterns.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #14Spheroidality (Curvature)

2Productivity

If fluid flow rate is increased, then mixing efficiency is improved, but flashback risk increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemixing efficiencyVSAvoidflashback risk
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The apparatus segments the fluid flow into multiple channels with different flow rates and mixing stages. The concentric channels create progressive mixing zones that control velocity gradients and reduce flashback risk while maintaining high overall mixing efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Different regions of the apparatus provide different flow conditions - the inner channels create high velocity gradients for mixing, while outer channels provide more stable flow regions. This local variation in flow quality optimizes both mixing efficiency and flashback prevention.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Speed

If channel width is decreased, then velocity gradient is maximized, but fluid flow resistance increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevelocity gradientVSAvoidflow resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSStress or pressure

Solution Approach 1:

The apparatus transitions from two-dimensional flow constraints to three-dimensional concentric channel geometry. Multiple radial and axial flow paths are created, allowing velocity gradients to be maximized in specific zones while maintaining overall flow throughput through additional dimensional pathways.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration increases flame stability, burner loads, and mixing efficiency, reduces flashback by maximizing velocity gradients and adjusting parameters like temperature and fluid flow rates, thereby enhancing overall combustion performance.

Implementation Method 1

The disclosed combustion apparatuses and methods can - in part by utilizing the Coanda effect - increase flame stability

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCoanda effect: Coanda Effect

Data Source

PatentEP3077722B1Apparatuses and methods for combustion
Publication Date: 2020.02.05 KING ABDULLAH UNIV OF SCI & TECH
  • EP3077722B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3077722B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3077722B1 patent drawingFigure 3A

AI summary

Combustion apparatuses (e.g., burners) and methods, such as those configured to encourage mixing of fluid and flame stability, among other things.