Concrete Coloring Compositions Using Weak Base Acid Moderation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional concrete staining methods using acidic solutions are hazardous due to their corrosive nature and require additional neutralization steps, making them costly and inefficient.

Innovation Solution

Incorporating a weak base into acid-based coloring compositions, which moderates the corrosive characteristics of the acid and allows for safer and more efficient staining of cementitious substrates by forming a conjugate acid in situ, eliminating the need for separate neutralization steps.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional acidic solutions are used for concrete staining, then coloration effectiveness is improved, but safety and handling become worsened due to corrosive nature

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoloration effectivenessVSAvoidcorrosive nature
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

A weak base is introduced as an intermediary substance that reacts with the acid to form a conjugate acid, thereby mediating the interaction between the acid and the concrete substrate. This intermediary approach allows the acid to maintain its coloration effectiveness while the weak base mitigates the harmful corrosive effects through controlled neutralization.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The strength of the acid is modified by changing the pH parameter through the addition of a weak base. The conjugate acid formed has different acidic properties compared to the original strong acid, allowing the system to maintain effective coloration while reducing corrosiveness. This parameter change transforms the acid from a strong corrosive agent to a milder staining agent.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Object-affected harmful factors

If separate neutralization steps are added to conventional staining processes, then safety is improved, but process complexity and time become worsened

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovesafetyVSAvoidprocess complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The neutralization function is merged with the staining process itself. By incorporating the weak base into the staining composition, the neutralization reaction occurs simultaneously with the coloration process, eliminating the need for separate neutralization steps. This merging of functions reduces process complexity while maintaining safety.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The staining composition performs self-neutralization through the internal reaction between the acid and weak base components. The conjugate acid formed during the staining process automatically neutralizes the excess acid, allowing the system to neutralize itself without requiring external neutralizing agents or separate neutralization steps.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Reliability

If multiple separate steps are used for concrete staining, then coloration quality is improved, but labor and time requirements become worsened

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoloration qualityVSAvoidtime requirements
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

Multiple functions including staining, neutralization, and color development are merged into a single application step. The weak base and acid work together in the same composition to achieve coloration while simultaneously performing neutralization, thereby reducing the number of steps and time requirements while maintaining coloration quality.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The useful actions of staining and neutralization occur continuously and simultaneously rather than sequentially. The conjugate acid forms continuously during the staining process, maintaining continuous neutralization activity. This continuous overlap of functions eliminates idle time between steps and reduces overall processing time.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The use of weak bases in acid-based staining compositions reduces the hazards associated with acidic solutions, enhances the safety of the staining process, and allows for self-neutralization of the concrete, thereby simplifying the staining method and reducing labor and material costs.

Implementation Method 1

the base is in equilibrium in aqueous media with a conjugate acid to moderate the corrosive characteristics of the acid

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectConjugate acid-base equilibrium:

Implementation Method 2

The calcium carbonate in the mixture is insoluble in water but reacts readily with most acids

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAcid reaction with calcium carbonate:

Data Source

PatentUS8092555B2Concrete coloring compositions and methods
Publication Date: 2012.01.10 SWIMC LLC

AI summary

The present invention provides acidic compositions and methods that are adapted to impart color to cementitious or mineral substrate surfaces. Specifically, the present invention relates to acidic compositions and methods adapted to treat cementitious or mineral substrate surfaces that have the advantage of using a less corrosive acid-based solution. The acidic composition incorporates species including a weak base in equilibrium with a conjugate acid. The presence of such species moderates the corrosive behavior of the acid while still allowing excellent coloring action to occur.