Concrete Element with Granular Growth Substrate for Greenification

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional concrete elements are incompatible with plant growth due to their alkaline environment, and traditional methods for integrating growth substrates, such as indentations, compromise structural stability and design aesthetics, while being economically inefficient.

Innovation Solution

A method where granular growth substrate grains are temporarily fixed to the formwork matrix with an adhesive and embedded within the cement matrix, allowing them to remain positively fixed on the surface after hardening, creating a microenvironment for moss and lichen growth without compromising structural integrity.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional concrete with alkaline environment is used, then structural stability is achieved, but plant growth compatibility deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestructural stabilityVSAvoidplant growth compatibility
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by creating a differentiated structure where the interior concrete maintains its alkaline, structurally stable properties while the surface layer is modified to be plant-friendly. Growth substrate is integrated into the surface region, creating a local environment suitable for plant growth without compromising the overall structural integrity of the concrete element.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Adaptability or versatility

If indentations are created for growth substrate, then plant growth capability is improved, but structural stability deteriorates due to frost cracking and design compromise

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveplant growth capabilityVSAvoidstructural stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the growth substrate requirement from the concrete interior and places it only in the surface region. By using a matrix with relief structure that captures growth substrate on the surface, the invention separates the plant growth function from the structural concrete body, eliminating the need for deep indentations that would compromise structural stability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Adaptability or versatility

If individual pockets are filled with growth substrate, then plant growth is enabled, but manufacturing efficiency deteriorates due to increased work involvement

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveplant growth enablementVSAvoidmanufacturing efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the formwork function with the growth substrate integration function. The matrix with relief structure serves dual purposes: defining the surface geometry and capturing/retaining the growth substrate during concrete pouring. This combination eliminates the need for separate pocket-filling operations, significantly improving manufacturing efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

4Ease of manufacture

If growth substrate is integrated during production, then economic efficiency is improved, but process complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveeconomic efficiencyVSAvoidprocess complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The matrix serves multiple functions simultaneously: it acts as a formwork liner defining the surface geometry, a template for the relief structure, and a carrier for the growth substrate. This multi-functionality reduces the need for additional components or steps, thereby improving economic efficiency despite the enhanced process capabilities required.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables economical and aesthetically flexible greenification of concrete surfaces by promoting plant growth specifically on the surface, maintaining structural stability and allowing for design versatility.

Implementation Method 1

grains of a growth substrate are temporarily fixed on the inside of the matrix by means of an adhesive

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAdhesive bonding: Adhesive

Implementation Method 2

filling the formwork with a pourable mixture of cement and aggregates, allowing the cement to harden

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCement hardening: Chemical Bonding

Data Source

PatentEP3798380B1Concrete element and method of manufacturing same
Publication Date: 2022.02.16 UNIVERSITY OF KASSEL
  • EP3798380B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2c
  • EP3798380B1 patent drawingFigure 3a~3d

AI summary

The invention comprises a concrete element (10) containing aggregates and a relief-like structured surface (14) on which a growth substrate (24) promoting the growth of cryptogams is held near the surface and in contact with the surrounding environment. The invention is characterized in that the growth substrate (24) is designed as a granular coating (22) that is positively bonded to the surface of the cement matrix. The invention also relates to a method for producing such a concrete element (10).